In this study, the effects of injection pressure and timing on the performance and emission characteristics of a DI diesel engine using methanol (5%, 10% and 15%) blended-diesel fuel were investigated. The tests were conducted on three different injection pressures (180, 200 and 220 bar) and timings (15 , 20 , and 25 CA BTDC) at 20 Nm engine load and 2200 rpm. The results indicated that brake s...

Abstract This study tested the effect of oat catch crops on mineral nitrogen (N) leaching losses from cool season fodder beet grazing. Undisturbed soil monolith lysimeters were collected two grassland sites with soils featuring contrasting texture and water holding capacity (WHC) characteristics. After simulated grazing in late autumn or winter, synthetic dairy cow urine was applied. Nitrogen m...

Timing diagrams are useful for capturing temporal specifications in which all mentioned events are required to occur. We first show that translating timing diagrams with both partial orders on events and don’t-care regions to LTL potentially yields exponentially larger formulas containing several non-localized terms corresponding to the same event. This raises a more fundamental question: which...