A prospective panel study, in which personal exposure was monitored, was conducted among preschool children in Helsinki between October 1990 and June 1991. The aims of the study were: 1) to assess children’s personal weekly exposure to nitrogen dioxide (NO2), 2) to investigate the association of seasonal and weekly NO2 exposure with respiratory health and 3) to compare different exposure assess...

With increasing NO2 concentration in the troposphere, the importance of NO2 reaction with mineral dust in the atmosphere needs to be evaluated. Until now, little is known about the reaction of NO2 with CaCO3. In this study, the heterogeneous reaction of NO2 on the surface of CaCO3 particles was investigated at 296 K and NO2 concentrations between 4.58×1015 molecules cm−3 to 1.68×1016 molecules ...

BACKGROUND Estimating the long-term health impact of air pollution in a spatio-temporal ecological study requires representative concentrations of air pollutants to be constructed for each geographical unit and time period. Averaging concentrations in space and time is commonly carried out, but little is known about how robust the estimated health effects are to different aggregation functions....

The detection of NO2 in ambient air requires sensors that are capable of measuring concentrations in the low ppb range at high resolution. Using a cyclic measuring technique, a resolution below 1 ppb has been attained at concentrations below 10 ppb with a Surface Acoustic Wave (SAW) sensor. This technique requires that the SAW sensor is first put into a defined initial state by a combination of...

Nitrogen dioxide (NO2), is a major air pollutant, that causes bronchoconstriction and bronchial hyperreactivity, and may also lead to damage and inflammation of the airway epithelium. We have cultured human bronchial epithelial cells and investigated the effect of exposure to NO2, for 20 min on epithelial cell membrane integrity and function in vitro. Epithelial cell membrane damage and permeab...

Nitrogen dioxide (NO2) is an environmental oxidant that causes acute lung injury. Absorption of this aqueous insoluble gas into the epithelial lining fluid (ELF) that covers air space surfaces is, in part, governed by reactions with ELF constituents. Consequently, NO2absorption is coupled to its chemical elimination and the formation of ELF-derived products. To investigate mechanisms of acute e...

Oxidized LDL is implicated in atherosclerosis; however, the pathways that convert LDL into an atherogenic form in vivo are not established. Production of reactive nitrogen species may be one important pathway, since LDL recovered from human atherosclerotic aorta is enriched in nitrotyrosine. We now report that reactive nitrogen species generated by the MPO-H2O2-NO2- system of monocytes convert ...

We report on the evolution of tropospheric nitrogen dioxide (NO2) over Spain, focusing on the densely populated cities of Barcelona, Bilbao, Madrid, Sevilla and Valencia, during 17 years, from 1996 to 2012. This data series combines observations from in-situ air quality monitoring networks and the satellite-based instruments GOME and SCIAMACHY. The results in these five cities show a smooth dec...

introduction no2 is not only a potential air pollutant in urban and industrial environments but also a precursor for smog of urban environment that is another ozone pollutant as well. some of the urban environments in iran have high tropospheric and near surface no2 which requires research attentions especially in these years. that is the issue of concern in the present study using satellite da...