One of the main priorities of smart cities is improving the quality of life of their inhabitants. Traffic noise is one of the pollutant sources that causes a negative impact on the quality of life of citizens, which is gaining attention among authorities. The European Commission has promoted the Environmental Noise Directive 2002/49/EC (END) to inform citizens and to prevent the harmful effects...

tem, the signal returns to a background cycle (2). For example, in many applications priority requests are simply inhibited for a certain number of cycles or minutes after a priority interruption so as to ensure that other phases recover. This kind of blunt strategy limits the potential effectiveness of signal priority. Further complicating matters, buses turning into and out of a terminal tend...

background and aim : the quick speech in noise (q-sin) test have been designed to evalu­ate individuals’ ability to recognize speech in noise. this study established to evaluate the test-retest reliability and equivalency of the five test lists of the persian q-sin test in subjects with sensory hearing loss (shl) and normal hearing individuals. methods : this cross-sectional study was per­forme...

BACKGROUND With an increasing proportion of the population living in cities, mass transportation has been rapidly expanding to facilitate the demand, yet there is a concern that mass transit has the potential to result in excessive exposure to noise, and subsequently noise-induced hearing loss. METHODS Noise dosimetry was used to measure time-integrated noise levels in a representative sample...

The study (a) assesses the life cycle energy consumption and air emissions impacts of battery electric buses (e-buses) conventional operated in Vietnam, (b) compares them with those hydrogen buses. results indicate that e-buses are preferred options compared to terms consumption, GHG other quality over their whole cycle. Life diesel is triple e-buses, significantly higher than Replacing can red...

The main reasons agencies consider hybrid transit vehicles are fuel savings and reduced emissions. Hybrid electric buses offer an attractive option and have the potential to reduce operating costs for transit agencies significantly. Wayne et al. (2009) estimated that use of diesel-electric hybrid buses in 15 percent of the US transit fleet could reduce fuel consumption by 50.7 million gallons o...

This paper describes the design, implementation, analysis, and evaluation of a Practical Buses protocol for anonymous network communication. The protocol, based on the metaphor of a city bus, provides connection anonymity for Internet-based communication. We modify the original Buses protocol from the literature to provide receiver anonymity, strengthen security, and improve efficiency and scal...