Power stations with high heads are nowadays almost without exception designed so as to have one pipeline, or a few pipelines, supplying the water to the turbines. The penstocks are connected to a distributor, which has the task of distributing the flow with the lowest possible losses of energy to the individual turbines. The function and location of this section of the plant make it understanda...

A phenomenological theory is presented for describing the anisotropic plastic flow of orthotropic polycrystalline aluminum sheet metals under plane stress. The theory uses a stress exponent, a rate-dependent effective flow strength function, and five anisotropic material functions to specify a flowpotential, an associated flow rule of plastic strain rates, a flow rule of plastic spin, and an ev...

abstract rockfill dams are usually used for affecting the flood and reducing the peak discharge. the materials used in these dams will usually make the flow turbulent, therefore darcy's law can not be used for this kind of dams and the equations based on the non-darcy flow must be applied. non-darcy flow equations are showed in two general ways including: and .one of the main parameters for flo...

In recent years, binary mixtures have been the subject of numerous experimental and numerical studies. However, few attempts made on investigating effect fines content (fc) non-associated plasticity mixtures, which is significant for constitutive modelling such material. Thanks to 2D DEM simulations, this study aims provide an understanding how fc affects character flow rule resulting material ...