The bounded-real and positive-real lemmas solve two important linear-quadratic optimal control problems related to the concepts of non-expansive and passive systems, respectively. The lemmas assume controllability, yet a non-expansive or passive system can be uncontrollable. In this paper, we solve these optimal control problems without assuming controllability. We obtain necessary and sufficie...

For the model of probabilistic labelled transition systems that allow for the co-existence of nondeterminism and probabilities, we present two notions of bisimulation metrics: one is state-based and the other is distribution-based. We provide a sound and complete modal characterisation for each of them, using real-valued modal logics based on the Hennessy-Milner logic. The logic for characteris...

A frame multiresolution (FMRA for short) orthogonal wavelet is a single-function orthogonal wavelet such that the associated scaling space V0 admits a normalized tight frame (under translations). In this paper, we prove that for any expansive matrix A with integer entries, there exist A-dilation FMRA orthogonal wavelets. FMRA orthogonal wavelets for some other expansive matrix with non integer ...

an efficient synthesis route to 1,4-dihydropyrimidine derivatives from reaction of divergent aldehydes with ethylacetoacetate and urea under solvent-free conditions by zno nanoparticles as a relative in expansive, eco-friendly, easy available, non-volatile, non-explosion, thermally robust, recyclable and easy to handle catalyst at 90°c with excellent yields is described. unenhanced reaction tim...

Let d ≥ 1, and let α be an expansive Z-action by continuous automorphisms of a compact abelian group X with completely positive entropy. Then the group ∆α(X) of homoclinic points of α is countable and dense in X, and the restriction of α to the α-invariant subgroup ∆α(X) is a Z-action by automorphisms of ∆α(X). By duality, there exists a Z-action α∗ by automorphisms of the compact abelian group...