In 1929, Zermelo proposed a probabilistic model for ranking by paired comparisons and showed that this model produces a unique ranking of the objects under consideration when the outcome matrix is irreducible. When the matrix is reducible, the model may yield only a partial ordering of the objects. In this paper, we analyze a natural extension of Zermelo’s model resulting from a singular pertur...

Some of the main results of the Perron-Frobenius theory of square nonnegative matrices over the reals are extended to matrices with elements in a real closed field. We use the results to prove the existence of a fractional power series expansion for the Perron-Frobenius eigenvalue and normalized eigenvector of real, square, nonnegative, irreducible matrices which are obtained by perturbing a (p...

We prove that if (M, g) is a compact locally irreducible Riemannian manifold with nonnegative isotropic curvature, then one of the following possibilities hold: (i) M admits a metric with positive isotropic curvature (ii) (M, g) is isometric to a locally symmetric space (iii) (M, g) is Kähler and biholomorphic to CP n. This is implied by the following two results: (i) Let (M, g) be a compact, l...

For an n×n nonnegative matrix P , an isomorphism is obtained between the lattice of initial subsets (of {1, · · · , n}) for P and the lattice of P -invariant faces of the nonnegative orthant R+. Motivated by this isomorphism, we generalize some of the known combinatorial spectral results on a nonnegative matrix that are given in terms of its classes to results for a cone-preserving map on a pol...

In this paper, we propose the tensor Noda iteration (NI) and its inexact version for solving eigenvalue problem of a particular class pairs called generalized M-tensor pairs. A pair consists weakly irreducible nonnegative nonsingular within linear combination. It is shown that any admits unique positive with eigenvector. modified (MTNI) developed extending matrix eigenproblems. addition, method...

Twist-wise ow equivalence is a natural generalization of ow equivalence that takes account of twisting in the local stable manifold of the orbits of a ow. Here we announce the discovery of two new invariants in this category. 1. Flow equivalence Square nonnegative integer matrices are used to describe maps on Cantor sets known as subshifts of nite type. Two such matrices are ow equivalent if th...

we present a model and propose an approach to compute an approximate solution of fully fuzzy linear system $(ffls)$ of equations in which all the components of the coefficient matrix are either nonnegative or nonpositive. first, in discussing an $ffls$ with a nonnegative coefficient matrix, we consider an equivalent $ffls$ by using an appropriate permutation to simplify fuzzy multiplications. t...