background and purpose: work-related musculoskeletal disorders are the most prevalent work- related disorders and the main cause of disability among workers. also these disorders are the main cause of absence from work and losing work hours and lead to reduction of productivity. materials & methods this cross–sectional analytical study was done on 100 workers of sorak tobacco factory selected r...

background: studies on the prevalence of work-related musculoskeletal disorders (wmsds) in computer users is high. the aim of this study was to determine the effect of three ergonomics intervention on body posture and musculoskeletal disorders in office workers (computer users) in isfahan gas company. these interventions include education, sports and installation of software on computer systems...

Legal financial obligations serve a range of practical and ideological functions within the modern American criminal justice system. Criminal fines are punitive in nature intended to reflect severity offense as well having deterrent component. When assessed conjunction with other penalties, including fees restitution, collective economic burden these sanctions can be significant. An increasingl...

The present paper summarizes the Nordic Experiences found in two projects on Job mobility based on Register Data; one study performed for the Nordic Innovation Fund and another performed for OECD. The studies explore the availability and quality of data and definitions on job mobility as well as it gives comparable mobility rates that – under the correct assumptions can be benchmarked against o...