there is limited data in the literature on the normal size of the anterior fontanelle. this cross- sectional study was to determine normal values of anterior fontanelle size on the first day of life, using standard methods. anterior fontanelle size was measured in 400 term and healthy neonates delivered at the shariati hospital, tehran, iran. examination included assessment of head circumferenc...

background: dystocia is the most common indication of primary cesarean section. the most common cause of dystocia is uterine dysfunction. in prolonged labor, more attention is usually paid to the fetus and pelvis rather than to the role of uterine contractions in a delivery. therefore, we decided to determine the relationship between the labor progress and uterine contractions shapes . methods:...

The presence of an abnormal vaginal microflora in early pregnancy is a risk factor for preterm delivery. There is no investigation on vaginal flora dominated by lactic acid bacteria and possible association with preterm delivery. We assessed the dominant vaginal Lactobacillus species in healthy pregnant women in early pregnancy in relation to pregnancy outcome. We observed 111 low risk pregnant...

OBJECTIVES The goal of our study was to assess the effect of water birth on obstetrical outcome, the maternal and neonatal infection rate in a selected low risk collective. STUDY DESIGN In this prospective observational study (1998-2002) 513 women, wished to have a water birth. The study was approved by the local ethical committee, informed consent was obtained. According to the course of del...

background with the advent of hystroscopic surgery, abnormalities confined to the uterine cavity such as endometrial polyps, submucous myomas, uterine septae and synechia , were supposed to be treated effectively. diagnostic hysteroscopy is the gold standard for investigating the intrauterine diseases as it allows for biopsy and removal of lesions. objectives forty premenopausal women without t...