Transient receptor potential melastatin 8 (TRPM8) functions in the sensing of noxious and innocuous colds; however, its significance pathogen-induced thermoregulation remains unclear. In present study, we investigated role TRPM8 regulation endotoxin-induced body temperature control. The peripheral administration low-dose lipopolysaccharide (LPS) at 50 ​μg/kg generated fever wild-type (WT) mice,...

Quercitin and Cernitin are not in themselves toxic to rats. When administered at the time of intoxication of the animals with ammonium fluoride, they reduced the noxious effects of the toxic agent in the liver and lungs. It is suggested that Quercitin and Cernitin might play a protective role during prolonged exposure to ammonium fluoride. Neither ammonium fluoride nor Quercitin or Cernitin see...

Neonatal noxious insult produces a long-term effect on pain processing in adults. Rats subjected to carrageenan (CAR) injection in one hindpaw within the sensitive period develop bilateral hypoalgesia as adults. In the same rats, inflammation of the hindpaw, which was the site of the neonatal injury, induces a localized enhanced hyperalgesia limited to this paw. To gain an insight into the long...

BACKGROUND There is a population of large neurons with cell bodies in laminae III and IV of the spinal dorsal horn which express the neurokinin 1 receptor (NK1r) and have dendrites that enter the superficial laminae. Although it has been shown that these are all projection neurons and that they are innervated by substance P-containing (nociceptive) primary afferents, we know little about their ...

Nociception is the sensory mechanism by which potentially harmful stimuli are detected in animals and humans. The behavioural responses to noxious stimulation have been studied in two fish species thus far. However, since species-specific differences are seen in mammals, more species need to be examined to determine whether nociceptive responses are generic in fish. The present study investigat...

Since anticonvulsants have been used for treating neuralgias, an interest has arisen to experimentally test vigabatrin for its gabaergic mechanism of action. For this, 41 Wistar rats were used, and in 25 of them a constrictive sciatic neuropathy was induced (Bennet & Xie model). For testing pain symptoms, spontaneous (scratching) and evoked behaviors to noxious (46 degrees C) and non-noxious (4...

Tracking distant odor sources is crucial to foraging, courtship and reproductive success for many animals including fish, flies and birds. Upon encountering a chemical plume in flight, Drosophila melanogaster integrates the spatial intensity gradient and temporal fluctuations over the two antennae, while simultaneously reducing the amplitude and frequency of rapid steering maneuvers, stabilizin...

Administration of glucocorticoids to the amygdaloid nucleus facilitates visceromotor responses to colorectal distension in rats. The aim of this study was to determine if colorectal hypersensitivity develops through central modulation of spinal neuronal activity. Stereotaxic delivery of corticosterone (n = 10) or cholesterol (control, n = 10) onto the dorsal margin of the amygdala was performed...

Vizzard, Margaret A. Alterations in spinal cord Fos protein expression induced by bladder stimulation following cystitis. Am J Physiol Regulatory Integrative Comp Physiol 278: R1027–R1039, 2000.—These studies examined Fos protein expression in spinal cord neurons synaptically activated by stimulation of bladder afferent pathways after cyclophosphamide (CYP)-induced bladder inflammation. In uret...

Fish display robust neuroendocrine and physiologic stress responses to noxious stimuli. Many anesthetic, sedative, or analgesic drugs used in other vertebrates reduce stress in fi sh, decrease handling trauma, minimize movement and physiologic changes in response to nociceptive stimuli, and can be used for euthanasia. But extrapolating from limited published anesthetic and sedative data to all ...