BACKGROUND To explore the potential role of natural-resistance-associated macrophage protein 1 (NRAMP1) gene, vitamin D receptor (VDR) gene, (human leukocyte antigen, (HLA-DRB1) HLA)-DRB1 gene, and HLA-DQB1 gene polymorphisms in susceptibility to tuberculosis (TB) in the Chinese Kazakh population. METHODS A case-control study was performed on the Chinese Kazak population. Genetic polymorphism...

BACKGROUND Mice do not get diarrhea when orally infected with S. enterica, but pre-treatment with oral aminoglycosides makes them susceptible to Salmonella colitis. However, genetically susceptible ItyS mice (Nramp1(G169D) allele) die from systemic infection before they develop diarrhea, so a new model is needed to study the pathogenesis of diarrhea. We pretreated ItyR mice (Nramp1(G169)) with ...

Infection of mothers with schistosomiasis and filariasis has been shown to influence infant responses to neonatal Bacille Calmette-Guérin (BCG) immunization. The genetic makeup of infants is also considered an important determinant for the activity of BCG vaccine. The effect of natural resistance-associated macrophage protein 1 (NRAMP1) gene polymorphism on the efficacy of BCG vaccine was exami...

The natural resistance associated macrophage protein 1 (Nramp1) has been reported to confer resistance or susceptibility to Mycobacterium bovis, Salmonella typhimurium, and Leishmania donovani in the mouse, Mus musculus. A Gly and Asp substitution at position 169 of the mouse Nramp protein is invariably associated with the resistant and susceptible phenotypes, respectively. The present study ai...

The Natural resistance-associated macrophage protein 1 (Nramp1 or Solute carrier 11 member 1, Slc11a1) transports divalent metals across the membrane of late endosomes and lysosomes in professional phagocytes. Nramp1 represents an ancient eukaryotic cell-autonomous defense whereas the gene duplication that yielded Nramp1 and Nramp2 predated the origin of Sarcopterygians (lobe-finned fishes and ...

Nramp2 is a widely expressed metal-ion transporter that is involved in dietary iron absorption in the duodenum and iron uptake from transferrin in peripheral tissues. Nramp1 is a related gene involved in regulation of host pathogen interaction. Nramp2 has at least two alternatively spliced isoforms, one of which contains an iron-responsive element in its 3'-untranslated region. In this study, w...

The ‘hygiene hypothesis’ suggests that a lack of infections favours the development of allergic disease. Mycobacteria and helminths are important in the hygiene hypothesis as infections caused by these agents generate regulatory mechanisms that can restore the immune balance. The hygiene hypothesis may be viewed as a complex multifactorial interaction between the environment and the genetic bac...

Several susceptibility-associated genetic polymorphisms have been proposed to explain differential susceptibility to tuberculosis (TB) disease progression in different populations. Here, polymorphisms in the natural resistance-associated macrophage protein 1 (NRAMP1), vitamin D receptor, tumor necrosis factor-alpha, interleukin (IL)-1, and IL-10 genes were evaluated in 358 Cambodian patients wi...

In a population-based case-control study, 182 human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-positive persons and 135 healthy control subjects were enrolled from the metropolitan area of Medellin, Colombia. Four genotypes of the natural resistance-associated macrophage protein l (NRAMP1) gene (5' GT repeat, 274C/T, 469+14G/T, and 823C/T) were associated with altered risk of HIV infection (P=.013,.015,.020,...