We wanted to study the effect of sputum induction on forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1) and on oxygen saturation in normal controls, asymptomatic human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-seropositive individuals, and HIV-seropositive patients under investigation for suspected Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (PCP). Over a five month period, sputum induction with ultrasonically nebulized 3% s...

background: the purpose of our study was to evaluate an inexpensive and available method to reduce mucous impactions in mechanically ventilated patients. methods: this randomized clinical trial was conducted on 40 mechanically ventilated patients aged 15-90 years. the patients were randomly allocated into two arms; 20 cases and 20 controls. the cases received n-acetylcysteine via their nebulize...

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We examined the circulatory mechanisms underlying adaptive increases in thermogenic capacity in deer mice (Peromyscus maniculatus) native to the cold hypoxic environment at high altitudes. Deer mice from high- and low-altitude populations were born and raised in captivity to adulthood, and then acclimated to normoxia or hypobaric hypoxia (simulating hypoxia at ∼4300 m). Thermogenic capacity [ma...

We determined whether cerebral blood flow (CBF) remained related to arterial O2 content ([Formula: see text]) during hypoxic hypoxia when hematocrit and hemoglobin concentration were independently varied with cell-free, tetramerically stabilized hemoglobin transfusion. Three groups of pentobarbital sodium-anesthetized cats were studied with graded reductions in arterial O2saturation to 50%: 1) ...

Nielsen, H. B., R. Boushel, P. Madsen, and N. H. Secher. Cerebral desaturation during exercise reversed by O2 supplementation. Am. J. Physiol. 277 (Heart Circ. Physiol. 46): H1045–H1052, 1999.—The combined effects of hyperventilation and arterial desaturation on cerebral oxygenation (ScO2) were determined using near-infrared spectroscopy. Eleven competitive oarsmen were evaluated during a 6-min...

CONTEXT The subjectivity of pain causes enormous difficulties in evaluating neonatal pain with a single, practical and easy-to-apply tool. Pain evaluation in the neonatal period should be performed by valid, safe, useful and feasible methods. OBJECTIVE To evaluate the validity of the Neonatal Facial Coding System (NFCS), Neonatal Infant Pain Scale (NIPS), heart rate (HR) and O2 saturation (O2...

We have developed a novel mapping software package to reconstruct microvascular networks in three dimensions (3-D) from in vivo video images for use in blood flow and O2 transport modeling. An intravital optical imaging system was used to collect video sequences of blood flow in microvessels at different depths in the tissue. Functional images of vessels were produced from the video sequences a...