INTRODUCTION Since the early 1990s, researchers have been concerned with the low rate at which women are included in epidemiologic studies of occupational cancer. A previous evaluation determined that one-third of articles published between 1970 and 1990 included women. METHODS To assess whether there has been an improvement in recent years, papers on occupational cancer between 1991 and 2009...

Occupational exposure limits for unstudied pharmaceutical synthetic intermediates are often established under the assumption that penultimate and near-ultimate intermediates have the same structure-activity and dose-response as the ultimate active pharmaceutical ingredient (API). This is seldom the case because moieties that render biological activity to the API are often protected or modified ...

OBJECTIVES To estimate the number of workers in Great Britain with significant occupational exposure to whole body vibration (WBV) and to identify the common sources of exposure and the occupations and industries where such exposures arise. METHODS A postal questionnaire was posted to a random community sample of 22,194 men and women of working age. Among other things, the questionnaire asked...

Many workers worldwide experience fatality and disability caused by occupational injuries. This study examined the relationship between noise exposure and occupational injuries at factories in Korea. A total of 1790 factories located in northern Gyeonggi Province, Korea was evaluated. The time-weighted average levels of dust and noise exposure were taken from Workplace Exposure Assessment data....

BACKGROUND CONTEXT Low back pain (LBP) is a prevalent and costly musculoskeletal disorder that often occurs in the working-age population. Although numerous physical activities have been implicated in its complex etiology, determining causation remains challenging and requires a methodologically rigorous approach. PURPOSE To conduct a systematic review of the scientific literature focused on ...

As noted in the introductory editorial by Moeller and Toohey, the Energy Employees Occupational Illness Compensation Program Act (EEOICPA) was passed by the U.S. Congress in October 2000 and became effective on 31 July 2001. The Act provides a lump-sum compensation of $150,000 to workers who contracted certain diseases due to exposures to beryllium, silica, or radiation while working for the U....

OBJECTIVES To estimate the effects of smoking, gender and occupational exposure on the risk of developing severe pulmonary fibrosis (PF), including dose-response and interaction effects. METHODS National case-control study of 171 patients (cases) who had started a long-term oxygen therapy for PF in Sweden between February 1997 and April 2000, and 719 random control participants from the gener...

Medical diagnostic X-ray workers are one occupational group that expose to the long-term low-dose external radiation over their working lifetime, and they may under risk of different cancers. This study aims to determine the relationship between the occupational X-ray radiation exposure and cancer risk among these workers in Jiangsu, China. We conducted Nested case-control study to investigate ...

AIM To determine whether short-term intensive group-based therapy combining modified constraint-induced movement therapy and bimanual therapy (hybrid-CIMT) is more effective than an equal total dose of distributed individualized occupational therapy (standard care) on upper limb motor and individualized outcomes. METHOD Fifty-three children with unilateral cerebral palsy (69% males; mean age ...

OBJECTIVES To estimate the importance of low dose exposure to asbestos on the risk of mesothelioma. METHODS A review of the literature. RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS There is no evidence of a threshold level below which there is no risk of mesothelioma. Low level exposure more often than not contains peak concentrations which can be very high for short periods. There might exist a background leve...