1. The bile of germ-free domestic fowl contains taurine conjugates of 3alpha,7alpha-dihydroxy-5beta-cholan-24-oic acid (chenodeoxycholic acid), 3alpha,7alpha,12alpha-trihydroxy-5beta-cholan-24-oic acid (cholic acid) and its 5alpha-epimer (allocholic acid): that of germ-free pigs contains glycine and taurine conjugates of chenodeoxycholic acid, 3alpha,6alpha-dihydroxy-5beta-cholan-24-oic acid (h...

AbstractPurpose – The COVID-19 pandemic has had a negative impact on the economies of OIC member countries. global trading system been source flexibility, diversification, and strength during pandemic. Export diversification is considered significant tool to accelerate pace economic growth. This study aims analyze Indonesia's exports countries post-COVID-19.Methodology - To develop export Indon...

T his study evaluates the causality relationship between human capital and foreign direct investment inflow in twenty-six OIC (the Organization of Islamic Cooperation) countries over the period 1970–2014. We employed the panel Granger non-causality testing approach of Kònya (2006) that is based on seemingly unrelated regression (SUR) systems, and Wald tests with country specific boot...

Although opioids offer potent analgesia for severe acute and chronic noncancer pain, adverse gastrointestinal effects potentially undermine their clinical utility. In particular, between 40% and 95% of patients develop opioid-induced constipation (OIC). Therefore, there is a consensus that patients should commence laxatives at the start of opioid therapy and continue throughout treatment. Never...

The extraction of yacon [Smallanthus sonchifolius (Poepp. and Endl.) H. Robinson; Asteraceae] leaves and chromatographic separation yielded two new antibacterial melampolide-type sesquiterpene lactones, 8beta-tigloyloxymelampolid-14-oic acid methyl ester and 8beta-methacryloyloxymelampolid-14-oic acid methyl ester, as well as the four known melampolides, sonchifolin, uvedalin, enhydrin and fluc...

Two new ursane-type triterpene glucosides, 2alpha,3alpha,24-trihydroxyurs-12,18-dien-28-oic acid beta-D-glucopyranosyl ester (1) and 2alpha,3alpha,23-trihydroxyurs-12,19(29)-dien-28-oic acid beta-D-glucopyranosyl ester (2), were isolated from the roots of Rosa laevigata, together with three known compounds: 2alpha,3beta,19alpha-trihydroxyurs-12-en-28-oic acid beta-Dglucopyranosyl ester (3), 2al...