In randomized controlled trials, treatment is often assigned by stratified randomization. I show that among all randomization schemes treat units with probability one half, a certain matched-pair design achieves the maximum statistical precision for estimating average effect. an important special case, optimal pairs according to baseline outcome. simulation study based on datasets from ten this...

T his study evaluates the causality relationship between human capital and foreign direct investment inflow in twenty-six OIC (the Organization of Islamic Cooperation) countries over the period 1970–2014. We employed the panel Granger non-causality testing approach of Kònya (2006) that is based on seemingly unrelated regression (SUR) systems, and Wald tests with country specific boot...

in this study, we assess the impact of oil price changes on the macroeconomic variables of some oil importers in oecd countries, including usa, italian, france and japan during the period 1960-2002. the results for different countries imply asymmetric impact of oil price changes on gdp growth rates; moreover, the results show that monetary shocks are an important and noticeable factor explainin...

ABSTRACT This study explores the short-run spillover effects of popular research papers. We consider the publicity of 'Male Organ and Economic Growth: Does Size Matter?' as an exogenous shock to economics discussion paper demand, a natural experiment of a sort. In particular, we analyze how the very substantial visibility influenced the downloads of Helsinki Center of Economic Research discussi...

The Journal of Economic Literature codes classification system (JEL) published by the American Association (AEA) is de facto standard for research literature in economics. JEL used to classify articles, dissertations, books, book reviews, and working papers EconLit, a database maintained AEA. Over time, it has evolved extended with over 850 subclasses. This paper reviews history development sys...

Founded in 1969, the Organisation of the Islamic Conference (OIC) is comprised of 57 nations that together represent the second largest international organization after the United Nations [1]. According to their Web site, the OIC serves as the ‘‘collective voice of the Muslim world,’’ both protecting its interests and settling conflicts and disputes between member states [1]. In addition to sev...

We show that the treatment effect estimated by standard methods such as regression discontinuity analysis or difference-in-differences may contain a transient “learning effect” is entangled with long-term of treatment. This learning occurs when variable interest agents’ efforts, and control correspond to success failure: failure gives agents information about how much their effort matters, cons...