A vigorous search continues for drugs capable of alleviating those connective tissue diseases which are mediated by immunological mechanisms. The experimental disorder caused in rats by the injection of Freund's complete adjuvant or of mycobacteria suspended in oil has been used extensively to test compounds for this purpose. Adjuvant disease, of which polyarthritis is a prominent feature, is h...

Inflammation is frequent at the site of injection in turkeys vaccinated with various commercial fowl cholera bacterins. Seven commercial and three laboratory bacterins were compared in 12week-old turkeys as to extent and severity of irritation with 3 routes of injection: subcutaneous, intradermal, and intramuscular. Commercial fowl cholera bacterins, particularly those with paraffin oil as the ...

Abstract Tolpyralate is commonly mixed with atrazine for improved control of common annual weed species in corn production systems the United States and Canada. Weed efficacy this mixture enhanced addition methylated seed oil (MSO) Concentrate®; however, there little information on tolpyralate + other proprietary adjuvants. Therefore, four trials were conducted at field research sites Ontario, ...

Arthritis can be induced in rats by intradermal injection of oil containing bacterial derivatives (adjuvant-induced arthritis) or cartilage collagen (type II collagen-induced arthritis). It was of interest, therefore, to determine whether collagen functions as an autoantigen in rats with adjuvant arthritis. Blood mononuclear cells from the majority of rats with adjuvant arthritis exhibited enha...

BACKGROUND Oil pulling or oil swishing therapy is a traditional procedure in which the practitioners rinse or swish oil in their mouth. It is supposed to cure oral and systemic diseases but the evidence is minimal. Oil pulling with sesame oil and sunflower oil was found to reduce plaque related gingivitis. Coconut oil is an easily available edible oil. It is unique because it contains predomina...

There is a significant need for highly effective vaccines against emerging and common veterinary infectious diseases. Canine adenovirus type 2 (CAV2) vectors allow rapid development of multiple have demonstrated their potential in animal models. In this study, we compared the immunogenicity non-replicating CAV2 vector encoding rabies virus glycoprotein with without MontanideTM ISA 201 VG, an oi...

An oil adjuvant vaccine (OAV) was prepared from a local strain of Pasteurella multocida. Strain 6:B was cultured and inactivated by formalin. Bacterial pellet was prepared by centrifugation and subsequently adjuvanted by Montannide oil ISA-70. A dose of prepared vaccine containing 3ml (2mg dry weight/ml) was injected into five calves by IM route. Animals were bled before and at 24, 90, 150, and...

Immunotherapeutic vaccines to drugs of abuse, including nicotine, cocaine, heroin, oxycodone, methamphetamine, and others are being developed. The theoretical basis of such vaccines is to induce antibodies that sequester the drug in the blood in the form of antibody-bound drug that cannot cross the blood brain barrier, thereby preventing psychoactive effects. Because the drugs are haptens a suc...

Dimethyl dioctadecyl ammonium bromide (DDA), a lipophilic quaternary amine, was evaluated in adult chickens for potentiation of immunological responses to subcutaneously administered inactivated Newcastle disease virus (NDV) vaccines. DDA enhanced humoral and cell-mediated immune (CMI) responses to levels which were significantly higher than those induced by the vaccine alone The haemagglutinat...