ABSTRACT: Oil spill pollution has a substantial role in damaging the marine ecosystem. Oil spill that floats on top of water, as well as decreasing the fauna populations, affects the food chain in the ecosystem. In fact, oil spill is reducing the sunlight penetrates the water, limiting the photosynthesis of marine plants and phytoplankton. Moreover, marine mammals for instance, disclosed to oil...

The occurrence of oil spills is a global problem that requires a complex set of scientists, engineers, governments, corporations, and communities to address. The objective of this special feature is to understand the dynamic process of adaptation in the face of economic and ecological vulnerabilities as related to major oil spills, such as the Deepwater Horizon oil spill in the United States in...

BACKGROUND Although public concern has focused on the environmental impact of the Deepwater Horizon oil spill, the public health impact on a broad range of coastal communities is minimally known. OBJECTIVE We sought to determine the acute level of distress (depression, anxiety), mechanisms of adjustment (coping, resilience), and perceived risk in a community indirectly impacted by the oil spi...

Knowledge of the spatial distribution of oil thickness patterns within an on-water spill is of obvious importance for immediate spill response activities as well as for subsequent evaluation of the spill impacts. For long-lasting continuous spills like the 2010 3-month Deepwater Horizon (DWH) event in the Gulf of Mexico, it is also important to identify changes in the dominant oil features thro...

The Exxon Valdez oil spill occurred more than two decades ago, and the Prince William Sound ecosystem has essentially recovered. Nevertheless, discussion continues on whether or not localized effects persist on sea otters (Enhydra lutris) at northern Knight Island (NKI) and, if so, what are the associated attributable risks. A recent study estimated new rates of sea otter encounters with subsur...

In-situ burning is the combustion of a spill product at the site of the spill (in situ is Latin for “in place”.) In-situ burning of oil may offer a logistically simple, rapid, inexpensive, and relatively safe means for reducing the net environmental impact of an oil spill. Because a large portion of the oil is converted to gaseous combustion products, the need for collection, storage, transport...

Oil spillage has been a major environmental problem in Nigeria for more than two decades. Between 1976 and 1996 Nigeria recorded a total of 4835 oil spill incidents, which resulted in a loss of 1.9 million barrels of oil into the environment. From 2006 to 2008 reported oil spill occurrences amounted to 1260, where 40,000 barrels of oil from Mobil platform off the Akwa Ibom coast were spilt, cau...

Ocean forecasting and oil spill modelling and tracking are complex activities requiring specialised institutions. In this work we present a lighter solution based on the Operational Ocean Forecast Python Engine (OOFε) and the oil spill model General NOAA Operational Modelling Environment (GNOME). These two are robust relocatable and simple to implement and maintain. Implementations of the opera...

Many satellite-borne image data have been acquired in the Arabian Gulf since the mid 80’s by different space agencies and have demonstrated oil spill related features at sea. Severe oil spills were caused occasionally by accidental or deliberate oil sludge dumping from passing ships. Serious damage to fishery, water desalination plants and natural habitats are concerned. The work done is the fi...