In a previous paper we have given an account of the incidence of the opium smoking habit in India. We carried out a general survey of the occurrence of this habit in different provinces and by extensive work in the field collected statistics with regard to the approximate number of addicts in each province. In this paper we propose to deal with the preparations used for smoking, the methods of ...

Background: Poisoning comprises about 7% of accidents in children under 5-year-old and 2% all pediatric deaths developing countries. To warn against prevent future potential poisoning with opioid substances, this comparative study was conducted on cases referred to the 17th Shahrivar Hospital Rasht, Iran, 2006 2018. Methods: In retrospective, cross-sectional study, hospitalized diagnosed 2018 w...

Background: More than half of myocardial infracted (MI) patients have no conventional risk factors. Regarding the belief that opium addiction has a protective effect on heart diseases, addiction prevalence has unfortunately increased in recent years. This study was conducted to investigate the effect of opium addiction on patients with acute myocardial infarction. Methods: This case-control stu...

INTRODUCTION Research suggests that methadone maintenance treatment (MMT) effectively reduces opiate dependence and related health and social problems. However, few studies have examined its effectiveness among the elderly. This study examined a monthly MMT regime for elderly opium addicts attending the National Addictions Management Service, Singapore. MATERIALS AND METHODS This study used a...

One of the highest areas of esophageal cancer incidence in the world is in northeastern Iran where up to 180 new cases/ 100,000 have been recorded per annum among Turkaman and Mazandarani villagers (10, 12). Although its use has been illegal in Iran since 1955, opium and its recycled pyrolytic product shireh are commonly smoked socially or are eaten for various bodily aches, diarrhea, and insom...

Dr Klein‟s assertions about the origins of registers on drug-related death are inaccurate, probably due to misunderstanding some of the fundamental epidemiological indicators of drug misuse, including mortality. Whilst it is true that there were many deaths involving the misuse of opium, typically as laudanum, in the nineteenth century, the need for civil registration of deaths in the UK introd...

BACKGROUND Drug abuse is usually associated with behavioral disorders in children especially conduct disorder. This study investigated the behavioral disorders of children whose parents were opium or heroin dependent in compare with children whose parents were non-addicts to find the effects of drug abuse on offspring's behavior disorders by adjusting intervening factors. METHODS This case-co...

Acquired nosocomial infections include all clinical that the patient does not have at time of admission to hospital and hours after admission, patient's natural flora acquires characteristics become source bacterial for himself. Nosocomial dramatically cause illness death impose high costs on hospitalized patient. Hence, this study tends compare prevalence in opium consumers healthy patients ad...