This conceptual paper presents a model that may be used to redress the power balance between retailers and suppliers in supply chain through better information symmetry mutual dependence. It explores dependence resource theories conceptualise use of demand information, by drawing on diverse viewpoints within extant literature effect asymmetry exchange relationships dependence.Co-optation adds s...

While it is well-known that democratic backsliding imposes a variety of challenges on civil society organisations, often assumed represses society. However, closer look at the impact organisations reveals even in countries where fairly advanced, relationship between and state more complex. Close cooperation partnership are scarce countries; might, however, range from hostility to varying forms ...

Abstract Equatorial Guinea is not only one of the world’s most authoritarian regimes but also a striking case regime and leader survival. This small, oil-rich state personalist defies conventional wisdom because it both far more resilient faces fewer threats from within opposition political parties than other resource-rich states. But how does manage to survive? study argues that four key mecha...

Over the past several decades, scholars have explored dialogue and digital media. While this scholarship has advanced strategic communication theory, it lacks a critical focus on how marginalized groups been written out of these theories practices. We bring lens to dialogue, employing subaltern critique elevate experiences voices members an activist group working behalf low-income, minority wom...


 This Essay considers the profit to be made in virtue signaling solely for purpose of attracting customers and driving sales: Pro-female, woke menstruation messaging that may merely an exploitative empty co-optation. Feminists should expect more menstrual capitalists, including a commitment firms operating within this space address diapositive issue period poverty meaningfully assist thos...

This special focus section analyses state–diaspora relationships with a on the case of Eritrea, paradigmatic example, as we show in this introduction, to elaborate following key questions: What determines loyalty between diaspora and state? How can understand dynamics co-optation, loyalty, resistance that characterise many diaspora–state relationships? is role historical events memory building ...

Abstract How did the norm of discrimination become dominant yardstick to measure ethics US airpower? Conventional accounts suggest that as elites and publics embraced norms discrimination, this pushed air forces adopt a precision doctrine, one demands accurately striking military, not civilian, targets. Relying on pragmatic reading contestation settling, we conventional explanations have causal...