introduction: cleome viscose linn. with a common name as “asian spiderflower”, belongs to the capparidacea family. it is an annual, sticky herb found as a common weed all over the tropical regions of the world. it is a very competitive weed of annual crops. this plant is currently introduced as an invasive plant in soybean fields of golestan province. there is no management recommendation to co...

in recent years, the nanoscale zero-valent iron (nzvi) particles have been used successfully for the degradation of hydrocarboncompounds and remediation of other pollutants. nevertheless, as far as we know, there is no specific study on the improvement of thegeotechnical properties of contaminated soils with hydrocarbon compounds by nzvi. this study used nzvi particles to remove gasoil in a cla...

There are 30026 symmetry-distinct ways to arrange 20 water molecules in a dodecahedral cage with nearly optimum hydrogen bond lengths and angles, analogous to the arrangements that give rise to the zero-point entropy in ice-Ih. The energy of hydrogen bond isomers in (H2O)20 , assumed to be similar in the past, differs by up to 70 kcal/mol. The isomers differ widely in their hydrogen bond length...

   In this research, Graphene was synthesized by chemical vapor deposition (CVD) method in atmosphere pressure (14.7 psi). Different functionalization method was used for oxidizing of graphene such as acid and alkaline treatments. The Functionalized graphene (FG) was characterized by FTIR and Raman spectroscopy. Nanofluid with water and different concentration (0.05, 0.15 and 0.25 wt %) of ...

the world is facing a dwindling supply of water, therefore deficit irrigation is becoming more of a necessity than a choice. partial rootzone drying (prd) is a new water saving irrigation technique where at each irrigation time only one part of the rootzone is watered. the un-irrigated part is watered during the next irrigation. we explored the potential of prd for `petopride´ processing tomato...

water and temperature are determinant factors for seed germination. both factors can, separately or jointly, affect the germination percentage and germination rate. the effect of temperature on germination and water potential on germination can often be described by the thermal time and hydrotime models, respectively. additionally, the thermal time model and the hydrotime model have been combin...

Container-grown quiescent Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii var. glauca (Beissn.) Franco) seedlings were air dried to plant water potentials of -0.2, -2.2 or -3.8 MPa (unstressed, moderate, and severe stress treatments, respectively). Trees from each treatment were either placed in root mist chambers held at 10, 20, or 28 degrees C for 28 days and root growth potential (RGP) and plant water po...

it is very important to find the best model to quantify seed germination rate on the response of temperature which it can be used in determination of cardinal temperatures. this study was conducted to evaluation nonlinear regressions models for description wheat (cv. morvarid) germination rate response to temperatures and water potentials. therefore, seeds germination rate were evaluated in tem...

In order to evaluate cardinal temperatures and optimum thermal range of germination of three medicinal plants including Ajowan, Fennel and Dill an experiment was conducted in a Completely Randomized Design with three replications. Temperatures considered for this study were: 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30 and 35 ?C. Results indicated that temperature affected germination rate and percentage of these cro...