Acquisition of reduced susceptibility to biocides may contribute the dissemination high-risk (HR) clones carbapenemase-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae (CP-Kp). The aim this study was (a) determinate activity against CP-Kp, and (b) analyse relationship between biocide presence efflux pumps. minimal inhibitory concentrations (MICs) 6 (sodium hypochlorite, chlorhexidine digluconate, benzalkonium c...

Aeromonas spp. are oxidase positive, gram-negative, facultative anaerobic bacilli that are widely distributed in aquatic environments. A.hydrophila, A.sobria and A.bestiarum may cause severe infections in both human and cold-blooded animals. Environmental persistance of quinolones that are widely used in both human and veterinary medicine plays an important role in the selection of resistant mu...

Klebsiella pneumoniae is an important nosocomial pathogen with an extraordinary resistant phenotype due to a combination of acquired resistant-elements and efflux mechanisms. In this study a detailed molecular characterization of 11 K. pneumoniae isolates of clinical origin was carried out. Eleven clinical isolates were tested for their susceptibilities, by disk diffusion and broth microdilutio...

Objective. Plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance (PMQR) plays an important role in the development of clinical resistance to quinolone. The aim of this study was to investigate PMQR determinants among extended-spectrum β-lactamases- (ESBL-) producing Klebsiella pneumoniae recovered from patients with nosocomial urinary tract infection (UTI). Methods. A total of 247 ESBL-producing K. pneumoniae ...

Sir, Fluoroquinolones are broad-spectrum antibacterial agents commonly used in clinical practice. When quinolones became widely used, bacterial resistance to them emerged rapidly and, over the past three decades, resistance has continued to increase. In Gram-negative bacteria, quinolone resistance is due primarily to mutations in chromosomal genes encoding quinolone targets DNA gyrase and topoi...

19 Fluoroquinolones are among the drugs of choice for treatment of salmonella infections. However, 20 fluroquinolone resistance is increasing in salmonella due to chromosomal mutations in the quinolone 21 resistance-determining region (QRDR) of the topoisomerase genes gyrA, gyrB, parC and parE and/or plasmid22 mediated quinolone resistance (PMQR) mechanisms including qnr variants, aac(6’)-Ib-cr...