Endometriosis is a chronic disease in which a persistent state of heightened inflammation is maintained by nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) activation. The progestins present in oral contraceptives are potent inhibitors of NF-κB translocation to cell nuclei, while Pycnogenol® (Pinus pinaster) acts by blocking post-translational events. In this study, the effects of Pycnogenol on pain scores were ...

The purposes of this prospective, repeated-measures descriptive pilot study were to describe patterns of acute oral pain and mucositis in patients receiving a bone marrow transplant or high-dose chemotherapy for leukemia, and to test procedures and instruments before initiating a larger intervention study. A nonprobability, purposive selection process was used to enroll 18 patients admitted to ...

Background: A low level of L-glutamine, a precursor of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD) in red blood cells (RBCs), is identified as an underlying mechanism for the potential decrement of the NAD redox and the incidence of pain crisis in sickle cell anemia (SCA). The aim of this study is to assess the impact of oral L-glutamine therapy on pain crisis reduction in patients with SCA and sic...

background and aims. lichen planus is a chronic inflammatory disorder with unspecified etiology, appearing as a result of stress, genetic predisposition and immunologic factors. erosive type of the disease is more important because of its clinical symptoms of pain, irritation and malignancy risk. despite various medications used, a definite cure for lichen planus is unknown. regarding the effec...

Over the past two decades, advances in the supportive care of oncology patients have permitted more aggressive treatment strategies that would otherwise not have been possible. However, the prevention and treatment of oral mucositis (OM) remains a dilemma. The American Cancer Society in 1999 estimated that approximately 400,000 patients annually will experience some type of oral complication as...