It is shown how by using results from combinatory logic an applicative language, such as LISP, can be translated into a form from which all bound variables have been removed. A machine is described which can efficiently execute the resulting code. This implementation is compared with a conventional interpreter and found to have a number of advantages. Of these the most important is that program...

We present an algorithm for counting the number of integer solutions to selected free variables of a Presburger formula. We represent the Presburger formula as a deterministic finite automaton (DFA) whose accepting paths encode the standard binary representations of satisfying free variable values. We count the number of accepting paths in such a DFA to obtain the number of solutions without en...

Tableau–Based theorem provers can be extended to cover many of the nonclassical logics currently used in AI research. For both, classical and nonclassical first–order logic, equality is a crucial feature to increase expressivity of the object language. Unfortunately, all so far existing attempts of adding equality to semantic tableaux have been more or less experimental and turn out to be usele...

Inference rule substitution of equals for equals has been formalized in terms of simple substitution which performs a replacement even though a free occurrence of a variable is captured contextual substitution which prevents such capture and func tion application We show that in connection with pure rst order predicate calculus the function application and no capture versions of the inference r...

Presburger arithmetic is the first-order theory of the natural numbers with addition (but no multiplication). We characterize sets that can be defined by a Presburger formula as exactly the sets whose characteristic functions can be represented by rational generating functions; a geometric characterization of such sets is also given. In addition, if p = (p1, . . . , pn) are a subset of the free...

We discuss an adaptation of the technique of saturation up to redundancy, as introduced by Bachmair and Ganzinger [1], to tableau and sequent calculi for classical first-order logic. This technique can be used to easily show the completeness of optimized calculi that contain destructive rules e.g. for simplification, rewriting with equalities, etc., which is not easily done with a standard Hint...

In the paper a first order language is constructed. It includes the universal quantifier and the following propositional connectives: truth, negation, and conjunction. The variables are divided into three kinds: bound variables, fixed variables, and free variables. An infinite number of predicates for each arity is provided. Schemes of structural induction and schemes justifying definitions by ...

In this paper, we introduce a new fragment of the first-order temporal language, called the monodic fragment, in which all formulas beginning with a temporal operator (Since or Until) have at most one free variable. We show that the satisfiability problem for monodic formulas in various linear time structures can be reduced to the satisfiability problem for a certain fragment of classical first...