Although herbs have been important and attractive since long time ago, they have gained such popularity due to the adverse side effects of chemical medicines that nowadays their cultivation has become among significant agricultural programs of most developed countries. In order to study the effects of chemical, organic, and biological fertilizers on Medicinal Chamomile yield and its components,...

the chemical inputs threat the health of water, soil and organisms. thus, it is essential to encourage farmers to produce products with minimum use of chemical inputs. using the ordered logit model and a cross sectional data of 186 producers in 2012, this study attempted at investigating influential factors on willingness to accept (wta) of khorasan razavi province farmers to produce greenhouse...

Chemical reactions of organic compounds including pesticides at the interlayer and exterior surfaces of clay minerals and with soil organic matter are reviewed. Representative reactions under moderate conditions possibly occurring in natural soils are described. Attempts have been made to clarify the importance of the chemical nature of molecules, their structures and their functional groups, a...

The recent development of the chemical speciation of trace metals in seawater is described. The speciation studies reveal that metal ion complexation is one of the most important processes in seawater; especially, most bioactive trace metals, such as Fe(III) and Cu, exist as complexes with ligands in dissolved organic matter. The organic ligands in seawater are characterized with metal ions sel...

Our work features an ontology-supported framework for developing a qualitative simulator for explaining the behaviors of selected sample of organic chemistry reactions. The design of the simulator uses Qualitative Reasoning (QR), and in particular, Qualitative Process Theory (QPT) for constructing qualitative models and the simulation of basic steps in the chemical reactions such as creating an...

Citation: Aparicio FL, Nieto-Cid M, Borrull E, Romero E, Stedmon CA, Sala MM, Gasol JM, Ríos AF and Marrasé C (2015) Microbially-Mediated Fluorescent Organic Matter Transformations in the Deep Ocean. Do the Chemical Precursors Matter? Front. Mar. Sci. 2:106. doi: 10.3389/fmars.2015.00106 Microbially-Mediated Fluorescent Organic Matter Transformations in the Deep Ocean. Do the Chemical Precursor...

The organic matter in the sea is unevenly distributed between the living plant and animal population, the suspended detritus, the organic matter in the sea bottom, and that present in the water in true and in colloidal solution. The living forms and the detritus make up only a small part of the total organic matter in the sea; the ratio between the organic matter in solution and that present in...

Instrumental analysis of vermicompost with the help of modern technologies provides essential information on its maturity, before it can be used for agricultural application. Nowadays, vermicompost is considered as a promising organic alternative to chemical fertilizers in agriculture and horticulture. The objectives of this review are to summarize the sophisticated instrumental techniques such...