OBJECTIVE To analyze the etiology, clinical spectrum and outcome of constipation in children. SETTING Tertiary care teaching hospital. DESIGN Retrospective chart review. PARTICIPANTS Consecutive children with constipation from 2001 to 2006. INCLUSION CRITERIA Functional constipation was designated when there was no objective evidence of any causative pathologic condition while the rest ...

In this paper, the synthesis of various enaminones from the reaction of 3-aminocoumarin and ethyl-2,4-dioxo-4-arylbutanoate in the presence of p-toluene sulfonic acid is reported. The reaction was examined under different solvents and catalytic systems, which clearly proved the importance of acidic catalyst in this organic transformation. This work was also accompanied by density functional the...

The phylogenetic diversity of bacterial communities in response to environmental disturbances such as organic pollution has been well studied, but little is known about the way in which organic contaminants influence the acclimation of functional bacteria. In the present study, tolerance assays for bacterial communities from the sediment in the Pearl River Estuary were conducted with the isolat...

BACKGROUND The aim was to evaluate and validate a bowel disease questionnaire in patients attending an out-patient gastroenterology clinic in Greece. METHODS This was a prospective study. Diagnosis was based on detailed clinical and laboratory evaluation. The questionnaire was tested on a pilot group of patients. Interviewer-administration technique was used. One-hundred-and-forty consecutive...

The combination of organic and inorganic chemical building blocks to form metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) offers opportunities for producing functional materials suitable for energy generation, storage and conversion. However, such applications rely on robust electron transport and the design of conductive hybrid materials is still in its infancy. Here we apply density functional theory to asse...

Abstract The largest terrestrial organic carbon pool, in soils, is regulated by an intricate connection between plant inputs, microbial activity, and the soil matrix. This manifested how microorganisms, key players transforming plant-derived into carbon, are controlled physical arrangement of inorganic particles. Here we conduct incubation isotopically labelled litter to study effects structure...

Purpose: The purpose of this experiment is to observe chemical reactions characteristic of common organic functional groups. The observations will be used to identify a set of unknown compounds Introduction: Most organic and biochemical compounds are composed of carbon, hydrogen, and a few other elements (such as oxygen, nitrogen, and sulfur). These compounds participate in a wide variety of re...

In recent years, morphology control has emerged as an important research topic in many fields such as chemistry, biology, and medicine for the development of highly efficient materials and functional structures of devices based on organic and inorganic materials and their hybrids. Once developed, these techniques will pave the way for a wide range of possibilities such as the creation of highly...