I ASE broadening and rate reduction confront some fundamental and nearly 3were the yin and yang of Federal inintractable problems in any effort to idencome tax policy in the 1980s. When choostify nonperforming nonprofits and set them ing among those Code provisions with base on the path of righteousness. This social broadening potential large enough to make benefits concern is the focus of this...

One of the main challenges faced by the multi-agent community is to ensure the coordination of autonomous agents in open heterogeneous multi-agent systems. In order to coordinate their behaviour, the agents should be able to interact with each other. Social commitments have been used in recent years as an answer to the challenges of enabling heterogeneous agents to communicate and interact succ...

How do international organizations (IO) influence domestic social policy? This paper answers this question using a comparison of IO participation in the social insurance policymaking process in Mexico in the 1940s and 1990s. There are similarities and differences between the periods. During both periods, IOs contributed technical expertise to the policy design process. The principal IO particip...

Our subject is oriented towards investigation of potential ways of societal organization, that allow for collective intelligent organization and management of resources. The main objective of such organizations is the exploration of the social energy from the existing societies. We conjecture that an organizational model that fulfills the mentioned requirements is the Fractal Social Organizatio...

the concept of entrepreneurship has derived much attention to itself from scientific boards and public and private organizations in the recent decades. a brief review on the literature of entrepreneurship reveals that due to the economic approaches taken, entrepreneurship is setting forth to find out new ways to maximize the benefit and income. at the other hand, social organizations, too, must...

Social movement organizations often struggle to mobilize supporters from allied movements in their efforts to achieve critical mass. The authors argue that organizations with hybrid identities--those whose organizational identities span the boundaries of two or more social movements, issues, or identities--are vital to mobilizing these constituencies. They use original data from their study of ...

Social media is a growing phenomenon and have the biggest impact on organizations’ continual communication with customers and the public. It also plays increasingly important role as a marketing platform. Even though social media has been recognized as the most powerful medium in business practice, there is lack of understanding in terms of how social media benefits the organization. Therefore,...

The legal and administrative apparatus responsible for the social control of organizations relies extensively on the deterrent effects of punishment. This strategy presumes a rational choice model of organizational misconduct that de-contextualizes decision making, emphasizing consequences while ignoring how preferences are formed. I raise three challenges to the rational choice/deterrence mode...

Macro studies of entrepreneurship emphasize how environmental conditions—social, economic, and political—facilitate the creation of new organizations. Examples include how periods of political turbulence create favorable conditions for the emergence of new organizations (e.g., Delacroix & Carroll, 1983), how market concentration driven by the movement of generalist organizations favors the emer...