Chiral pesticides currently constitute about 25% of all pesticides used, and this ratio is increasing as more complex structures are introduced. Chirality occurs widely in synthetic pyrethroids and organophosphates, which are the mainstay of modern insecticides. Despite the great public concerns associated with the use of insecticides, the environmental significance of chirality in currently us...

background: research on poisoning epidemiology in different regions is highly important for evidence-informed health planning. the present study was conducted with the aim of evaluating the two-year epidemiologic pattern of acute poisoning cases treated at adama hospital medical college (ahmc) in adama, ethiopia. methods: in this retrospective descriptive study, medical records of emergency dep...

Rice husk (RH) is one the largest agricultural waste products worldwide, and rice is one of the crops that use the most pesticides. Among these, organophosphates have been of increasing concern due to their high toxicity. Herein, we report the functionalization of RH with imidazole groups (RHIMZ) to obtain sustainable catalysts from waste for organophosphate degradation. The waste-derived catal...

P * PChairman, Bihar State Environment Impact Assessment Authority, Govt. of India & Corresponding Author 1. Abstract: Signal transduction by xenobiotics in fish has gained much attention in the recent decade. Organophosphates and carbamates bind specifically to the membrane bound enzyme acetylcholinesterase affecting neural transmission. Since nervous system is one of the important physiologic...

In this thesis methods concerning sampling and analysis of organophosphorus triesters in indoor environments are investigated. Organophosphate esters are widely used as plasticizers and flame-retardants in plastic materials, which in turn are extensively used in all indoor environments. The organophosphates are ubiquitous indoor pollutants and humans will consequently be exposed to them. Some o...

Organophosphates (OPs) and carbamates have a wide variety of applications, most commonly as pesticides used to eradicate agricultural pests or control populations of disease-carrying vectors. Some OP and carbamates have therapeutic indications such as physostigmine. Certain organophosphorus compounds, known as nerve agents, have been employed in chemical warfare and terrorism incidents. Both cl...

Despite intensive efforts over the last 30 years, the mode of insecticide action remains largely undetermined. Cholinergic enzyme systems have been identified as targets of organophosphates (HAYES, 1975) whereas respiratory, cardiovascular, reproductive, and most prominently, neurological dysfunctions are implicated vectors in organochlorine toxicity (SHANKLAND, 1964; EMERSON et al, 1964; HYDE ...