The corpus luteum is a temporary endocrine structure in mammals that plays an important role in the female reproductive cycle and is formed from a ruptured and ovulated follicle with rapid angiogenesis. Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is thought to be vital in normal and abnormal angiogenesis in the ovary, but the molecular regulation of luteal VEGF expression during corpus luteum dev...

objective: in vitro ovarian follicle culture provides a tool to investigate folliculogenesis and may be used as an assisted reproductive technology )art(. this study aims to compare survival and development rates in mouse ovarian follicles after two and three dimensional in vitro cultures. methods: preantral follicles were isolated from the ovaries of 14-day old female mice and cultured in α-m...

PURPOSE/OBJECTIVES To apply the Hanahan and Weinberg conceptual framework for tumor development to the specific biomarkers observed or expressed in ovarian cancer. DATA SOURCES Data-based publications, topical reviews, and book chapters. DATA SYNTHESIS Articles specific to ovarian cancer were reviewed to examine whether the six rules from the Hanahan and Weinberg conceptual framework were a...

The receptor tyrosine c-Kit and its cognate ligand, c-Kit ligand (KL, stem cell factor, SCF), are involved in ovarian follicular development in several animal species. We studied the expression of KL and c-Kit using in situ hybridization and immunohistochemistry in donated human ovarian cortical tissue. The KL transcripts were expressed in granulosa cells of primary follicles, whereas the expre...

BACKGROUND Normal development of reproductive organs is crucial for successful reproduction. In mice the early ovarian developmental process occurs during the embryonic and postnatal period and is regulated through a series of molecular signaling events. Early ovarian development in mice is a seventeen-day process that begins with the rise of six primordial germ cells on embryonic day five (E5)...

Optimal development of fertilized eggs into preimplantation embryos is essential for reproduction. Although mammalian oocytes ovulated after luteinizing hormone (LH) stimulation can be fertilized and promoted into early embryos in vitro, little is known about ovarian factors important for the conditioning of eggs for early embryo development. Because LH interacts only with ovarian somatic cells...

Convergent morphologies often arise due to similar selective pressures in independent lineages. It is poorly understood whether the same or different developmental genetic mechanisms underlie such convergence. Here we show that independent evolution of a reproductive trait, ovariole number, has resulted from changes in distinct developmental mechanisms, each of which may have a different underl...

Ovarian tissue banking is a developing technique aimed to preserve fertility in women at risk for premature ovarian failure (1–3). It entails cryopreservation of ovarian tissue with the option of autografting. Reports on the autografting of cryopreserved ovarian cortex segments describe the resumption of steroid production (4), follicle development (5, 6), and (in sheep) model successful pregna...

failure to respond adequately to standard protocols and to recruit adequate follicles is called ‘poor response’. this results in decreased oocyte production, cycle cancellation and, overall, is associated with a significantly diminished probability of pregnancy. it has been shown that ovarian reserve tests, such as basal fsh, antimullarian hormone (amh), inhibin b, basal estradiol, antral folli...

OBJECTIVE To explore and facilitate the multifaceted process of drug development and regulatory approval in ovarian cancer. METHODS The Society of Gynecologic Oncology (SGO) recently sought and received input from multiple stakeholders including the National Cancer Institute's (NCI) Clinical Therapy Evaluation Program (CTEP), the Food and Drug Administration (FDA), pharmaceutical industry, an...