The three-phase power transformer in the transmission or distribution substations represents one of essential devices on electric networks. Losing this devise cause a disconnection utility to large number electrical loads. robust protection system must be designed protect device during abnormal operations. A complete for poly-phase Karbala networks (East substation) is modeled and simulated, ad...

Abstract—Overcurrent (OC) relays are the major protection devices in a distribution system. The operating time of the OC relays are to be coordinated properly to avoid the mal-operation of the backup relays. The OC relay time coordination in ring fed distribution networks is a highly constrained optimization problem which can be stated as a linear programming problem (LPP). The purpose is to fi...

BACKGROUND: Distance protections are widely used in protection of energy transmission lines, but their time coordination is still an important and difficult problem. Inappropriate configuration leads to a hazard event: remote circuit breaker tripping provided the local circuit breaker can be opened, which severely impairs power system operation. OBJECTIVE: To describe a method and provide softw...

The optimal setting of directional overcurrent relays (DOCRs) ensures the fault detection and clearing in minimum possible operation time. Directional protective relaying is carried out to coordinate relay settings a meshed network presence distributed generation. main goal DOCR coordination find time dial (TDS) pickup multiplier (PMS) reach total all primary constraints. Due complexity mixed i...

A directional overcurrent relay is commonly used to protect the power distribution networks of a distributed system. The selection appropriate settings for relays an important component protection strategies isolate faulty parts rapid growth generation (DG) systems present new challenges these schemes. effect solar photovoltaic plants on coordination studied initially in this research work. str...

Predominantly the impedance faults can be classified as Low Impedance Faults (LIF) and High (HIF). The LIF detected protected by a conventional protective device. However, if fault occurs in system, it is difficult to detect because of low magnitude current. overcurrent relay, which smartly detects faults, fails faults. This research work organized two components. In first component some litera...