Accumulation of senile plaques composed of amyloid beta-peptide (Abeta) is a pathological hallmark of Alzheimer disease (AD), and Abeta is generated through the sequential cleavage of amyloid precursor protein (APP) by beta- and gamma-secretase. Although oxidative stress has been implicated in the AD pathogenesis by inducing Abeta production, the underlying mechanism remains elusive. Here we sh...

The oxidative cleavage of indoles (Witkop oxidation) involving the use H2O2 or urea hydrogen peroxide in combination with a polar solvent has been described. Among these solvents, 1,1,1,3,3,3-hexafluoroisopropanol (HFIP) stands out as one affording corresponding 2-ketoacetanilides generally higher yields protocol described also enabled oxidation different pyrroles and furans derivatives. Furthe...

The oxidative addition of cyclic ditelluride 1-oxa-5,6-ditelluraspirooctane, Te(2)C(5)H(8)O, to bis(triphenylphosphine)(norbornene)platinum(0), [Pt(PPh(3))(2)(eta(2)-nb)], and to [1,8-bis(diphenylphosphino)naphthalene](norbornene)platinum(0), [Pt(dppn)(eta(2)-nb)], lead to the formation of dinuclear and mononuclear tellurolato platinum(ii) complexes, respectively, as a consequence of Te-Te bond...

We report that polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH)-inducible CYP1B1 is targeted to mitochondria by sequence-specific cleavage at the N terminus by a cytosolic Ser protease (polyserase 1) to activate the cryptic internal signal. Site-directed mutagenesis, COS-7 cell transfection, and in vitro import studies in isolated mitochondria showed that a positively charged domain at residues 41-48 of h...

Our study aimed to assess the impact of sperm oxidative stress on embryo development by means of a dose-dependent model. In experiment 1, straws from five bulls were subjected to incubation with increasing H2O2 doses (0, 12.5, 25, and 50 μM). Motility parameters were evaluated by Computed Assisted System Analysis (CASA). Experiment 2 was designed to study a high (50 μM) and low dose (12.5 μM) o...

Alpha6beta2 nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs) are potential therapeutic targets for the treatment of several neuropsychiatric diseases, including addiction and Parkinson's disease. Alpha-conotoxin (α-CTx) TxIB is a uniquely selective ligand, which blocks α6/α3β2β3 nAChRs only, but does not block the other subtypes. Therefore, α-CTx TxIB is a valuable therapeutic candidate peptide. Synt...

Preconditioning (PC) as a protective strategy against noxious insults can decline cell death and apoptosis. It has been approved that mitochondria play a key role in PC mechanism. The critical role of complex I (CI) in oxidative phosphorylation machinery and intracellular ROS production, particularly in the brain, accentuates its possible role in PC-induced neuroprotection. Here, differentiated...

Oxidative carbon-carbon bond cleavage of N-alkoxycarbonylated cyclic amines was accomplished by NaNO2 in TFA to afford ω-amino carboxylic acid in high yield. Optically active 3-hydroxypiperidine derivatives and 3-pipecolinate, were converted to enantiomerically pure (R)-4-amino-3-hydroxybutanoic acid (GABOB) and (S)-2-pyrrolidone-4-carboxylate, respectively. It is well known that trifluoroaceti...

N-hydroxyimides are widely known as organocatalysts for aerobic oxidation and oxidative coupling reactions, in which corresponding imide-N-oxyl radicals play the role of catalytically active hydrogen atom abstracting species. The drawbacks many poor solubility low polarity solvents limited activity cleavage unactivated C–H bonds. To overcome these shortcomings, we have synthesized a new lipophi...