Åsgård, R. 2014. Effects of Antioxidants and Pro-oxidants on Oxidative Stress and DNA Damage using the Comet Assay. Studies on Blood Cells from Type 2 Diabetes Subjects and Mouse Lymphoma Cells. Digital Comprehensive Summaries of Uppsala Dissertations from the Faculty of Pharmacy 185. 78 pp. Uppsala: Acta Universitatis Upsaliensis. ISBN 978-91-554-8877-2. Diet and oral supplements comprise two ...

Interest in the toxicological aspects of oxidative stress has grown in recent years, and research has become increasingly focused on the mechanistic aspects of oxidative damage and cellular responses in biological systems. Toxic consequences of oxidative stress at the subcellular level include lipid peroxidation and oxidative damage to DNA and proteins. These effects are often used as end point...

ZnO NPs (zinc oxide nanoparticles) has generated significant scientific interest as a novel antibacterial and anticancer agent. Since oxidative stress is a critical determinant of ZnO NPs-induced damage, it is necessary to characterize their underlying mode of action. Different structural and physicochemical properties of ZnO NPs such as particle surface, size, shape, crystal structure, chemica...

BACKGROUND Telomeres are DNA repeat sequences necessary for DNA replication which shorten at cell division at a rate directly related to levels of oxidative stress. Critical telomere shortening predisposes to cell senescence and to epithelial malignancies. Type 2 diabetes is characterised by increased oxidative DNA damage, telomere attrition, and an increased risk of colonic malignancy. We hypo...

Oxidative stress is thought to play a role in the pathogenesis of age-related macular degeneration (AMD). We determined the extent of oxidative DNA damage and the kinetics of its removal as well as the genotypes of the Ser326Cys polymorphism of the hOGG1 gene in lymphocytes of 30 wet AMD patients and 30 controls. Oxidative DNA damage induced by hydrogen peroxide and its repair were evaluated by...

Objective We examined genetic and dietary challenge on hippocampal oxidative damage. Mice expressing (ApoE+/+) or lacking apolipoprotein E (ApoE-/-) were maintained on a standard diet or a high fat /high cholesterol (challenge) diet for 11-31 weeks. Similar levels of oxidative species were observed for ApoE+/+ and -/- mice maintained on the basal diet. Method However, treatment of ApoE-/- hom...

Sepsis is characterised by a systemic dysregulated inflammatory response and oxidative stress, often leading to organ failure and death. Development of organ dysfunction associated with sepsis is now accepted to be due at least in part to oxidative damage to mitochondria. MitoQ is an antioxidant selectively targeted to mitochondria that protects mitochondria from oxidative damage and which has ...

Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are generated after exposure to harmful environmental factors and during normal cellular metabolic processes. The balance of the generating and scavenging of ROS plays a significant role in living cells. The accumulation of ROS will lead to oxidative damage to biomolecules including nucleic acid. Although many types of oxidative nucleic acid damage products have be...

Reactive oxygen species (ROS), generated by endogenous and exogenous sources, cause significant damage to macromolecules, including DNA. To determine the cellular effects of induced, oxidative DNA damage, we established a relationship between specific oxidative DNA damage levels and biological consequences produced by acute H2O2 exposures in yeast strains defective in one or two DNA damage-hand...