Economic explanations for the fertility transition focus on the role of returns to schooling, especially for women, which have encouraged women to obtain more education and facilitated the rise in women’s wages relative to men’s. The private opportunity costs of children have therefore increased, and parents have been motivated to substitute child schooling for additional births Declines in fer...

Four-dimensional computed tomography (4D CT) is used to account for respiratory motion in radiation treatment planning, but artifacts resulting from the acquisition and postprocessing limit its accuracy. We investigated the efficacy of three experimental 4D CT acquisition methods to reduce artifacts in a prospective institutional review board approved study. Eighteen thoracic patients scheduled...

INTRODUCTION Segregation of patients with cystic fibrosis (CF) was implemented to prevent chronic infection with epidemic Pseudomonas aeruginosa strains with presumed detrimental clinical effects, but its effectiveness has not been carefully evaluated. METHODS The effect of strict segregation on the incidence of P. aeruginosa infection in CF patients was investigated through longitudinal prot...

the present study aimed to examine the effect of contextual interference on acquisition, retention and transfer of coincidence anticipation task with constant, increasing and decreasing speeds. 36 male physical education participants from shahid beheshti university were voluntarily selected and randomly divided into three groups (12 subjects each group) and performed coincidence timing tasks wi...

OBJECTIVE To evaluate the influence of gestational age and birth weight on language development and neurodevelopmental outcome at age 3 years in children born preterm. METHOD Cross sectional study including 69 children followed in our developmental outpatient clinic. Patients were consecutively included at the time of the 3 years of age appointment and stratified for birth weight (<1500 grams...

the aim of this study was to compare the effect of self-control, frequent and reduced feedback of kr on children&apos;s learning skill of throw targeting in aleshtar city. for this purpose, 60 subjects were selected and assigned through step-by-step random method to three groups of self-control, frequent, and reduced. they performed the task of targeting through throwing in two steps of acquisi...

this study aimed at examining the effect of different focus of attention instructions and cognitive styles on the learning of dart throwing skill. 80 children were randomly selected and divided into four equal groups: a) field independent-external attention, b) field independent-internal attention, c) field dependent-external attention and d) field independent-internal attention based on their ...

The ultimate attainment level of Second Language Acquisition (L2A) contrasts sharply with that of First Language Acquisition (L1A) (Birdsong, 1999, p.1). That is: various success versus universal success (Gleitman & Newport, 1995, p.1). This significant difference between L1A and L2A is explained by the Critical Period Hypothesis (CPH). The CPH states that for language acquisition, either first...

Abstract Background Unveiling the diversity of plant strategies to acquire and use phosphorus (P) is crucial understand factors promoting their coexistence in hyperdiverse P-impoverished communities within fire-prone landscapes such as cerrado (South America), fynbos Africa) kwongan (Australia). Scope We explore P-acquisition strategies, highlighting one that has received little attention: acqu...