a $p$-group $g$ is called a $mathcal{cac}$-$p$-group if $c_g(h)/h$ is ‎cyclic for every non-cyclic abelian subgroup $h$ in $g$ with $hnleq‎ ‎z(g)$‎. ‎in this paper‎, ‎we give a complete classification of‎ ‎finite $mathcal{cac}$-$p$-groups‎.

let g be a group. a subset x of g is a set of pairwise noncommuting elements if xy ̸= yx for any two distinct elements x and y in x. if |x| ≥ |y | for any other set of pairwise non-commuting elements y in g, then x is said to be a maximal subset of pairwise non-commuting elements. in this paper we determine the cardinality of a maximal subset of pairwise non-commuting elements in any non-abelian...

let $g$ be a non-abelian group of order $p^n$‎, ‎where $nleq 5$ in which $g$ is not extra special of order $p^5$‎. ‎in this paper we determine the maximal size of subsets $x$ of $g$‎ ‎with the property that $xyneq yx$ for any $x,y$ in $x$ with‎ ‎$xneq y$‎.

this paper, deals with some equivalence relations in fuzzy subgroups. further the probability of commuting two fuzzy subgroups of some finite abelian groups is defined.