Buried objects have been largely undetectable by traditional high-frequency sonars due to their insignificant bottom penetration. Further, even a high grazing angle sonar approach is vastly limited by the coverage rate dictated by the finite water depth, making the detection and classification of buried objects using low frequency, subcritical sonar an interesting alternative. On the other hand...

When evaluating potential applications of high-frequency scattering by targets, it is important to be able to anticipate which features of the scattering may be attributed to material properties of the target and which features would also be present for rigid targets. These concerns may be especially important for the classification of completely exposed and partially buried targets. The overvi...

Recent earthquakes severely damaged short columns due to high lateral stiffness and low ductility. Some conditions, such as reductions in the heights of some compared others on same floor, deep beams, partially buried basements, non-structural walls, cause column effects. The prominent characteristics engineered cementitious composites (ECCs) reinforced with polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) fibers – inc...

Optical rotation measurements and absorption difference spectroscopy of ribonuclease A in different water-acetic acid mixtures showed that at least three conformational situations exist for the protein molecule at different levels of acetic acid concentration. Hematoporphyrin-sensitized photooxidation of the native as well as of the denatured proteins allowed us to detect three discrete states ...

An efficient approach called general sparse matrix canonical grid (G-SMCG) method is proposed to analyze the electromagnetic scattering from 2-D dielectric rough surface with a conducting object partially buried. In this paper, the scattering of 3-D arbitrarily shaped object is computed by using the traditional method of moments (MoM) with RWG basis function, and the scattering of rough surface...

A coupled Euler–Lagrange solution approach is used to model blast loading on a buried structure. The coupling algorithm is discussed along with a benchmark calculation.

Based on the small deflection beam theory, bending equation with axial tension of suspended pipe partially buried in the linear elastic soil is established. And the corresponding boundary conditions are given according to the stress and deformation characteristics of suspended section and buried section. Then deflection equation for the suspended section is deduced. Afterwards, the stress and c...

At the onset of apoptosis, the peroxidation of cardiolipin at the inner mitochondrial membrane by cytochrome c requires an open coordination site on the heme. We report a 1.45-Å resolution structure of yeast iso-1-cytochrome c with the Met80 heme ligand swung out of the heme crevice and replaced by a water molecule. This conformational change requires modest adjustments to the main chain of the...