in articles of 196,768 and 769, the iranian civil code, under influence of the french law (art.1121 civ. code) and imamieh's jurisprudence, without any explanation to the legal nature of the contract for the benefit of third party, has briefly allowed the contracting parties to create an obligation for the benefit of third party. this brevity caused an ambiguity in explaining of the relati...

Tuning third-party systems is time-consuming and sometimes challenging, particularly when targeting multiple embedded platforms. Unfortunately, system integrators, application developers, and other users of third-party systems lack proper tools for conducting systematic performance analysis on those systems, and have no easy way to reproduce the systems’ advertised performance and identify conf...

Surveillance in a maritime environment is indispensible in the fight against a wide range of criminal activities, including pirate attacks, unlicensed fishing trailers and human trafficking. Computer vision systems can be a useful aid in the law enforcement process, by for example tracking and identifying moving vessels on the ocean. However, the maritime domain poses many challenges for the de...

Victor Parada a,∗, Rodrigo Palma a, Daniel Sales b and Arlindo Gómes c a Departamento de Ingeniería Informática, Universidad de Santiago de Chile, Av. Ecuador 3659, Santiago, Chile E-mail: [email protected] b Departamento de Ingeniería Eléctrica, Universidad de Santiago de Chile, Av. Ecuador 3659, Santiago, Chile c Departamento de Informática, Universidad Federal de Espı́rito Santo, Campus ...

1 Remote Sensing Lab., Dept. Signal Theory and Communications, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya (UPC) Campus Nord, Bldg D3, Tel.: +34-934-017-362, E-08034 Barcelona, Spain; E-Mails: [email protected] (X.B.-L.); [email protected] (A.C.); [email protected] (N.R.A.); [email protected] (J.F.M.H.); [email protected] (E.V.D.) 2 DAS Photonics, Ciudad Politécnica de la Innovación, C...

Payments architectures are on the verge of a great bifurcation that must be documented in order to be debated. Google is moving towards a quasi bank while Apple and Google disseminate payment systems over smartphones. At the same time, block chain might become a distributed ledger introducing a radical new model of trusted third-party. The detailed history of credit card systems helps understan...

This article analyses the development of competitive party politics in post-communist East Central Europe from a comparative perspective. The central concerns are party system stabilisation and change in Hungary, Poland, the Czech Republic and Slovakia, and implications for comparative theory. Starting from Lipset and Rokkan’s ‘cleavage model’, the article assesses the relevance of their key va...

knowing of formation of a legal rule is an efficient way to recognizing and assessing of that rule. anticipatory breach doctrine became apparent in common law when the court in hochster versus de la tour case (1980), hold that a party could breach an executor contract prior to the performance date and injured party entitle to sue at once. before it, courts had made a negative answer to this mat...