BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Studies have demonstrated consistent associations between cardiovascular illness and particulate matter (PM) <10 and <2.5 μm in diameter, but stroke received less attention. We hypothesized that air pollution, an inflammation progenitor, can be associated with stroke incidence in young patients in whom the usual risk factors for stroke are less prevalent. We aimed to eval...

Both long-term and short-term exposure (one to two hours) to particulate matter are associated with morbidity and mortality caused by cardiovascular diseases. The underlying mechanisms leading to cardiovascular events are unclear, however, changes to blood coagulability upon exposure to ultrafine particulate matter (UFPM, the smallest of which can enter the circulation) is a plausible mechanism...

In recent years, the dirt pick up problem and loss quality of brightness of traffic marking paints have widely attracted municipal authorities’ attention. Reflective traffic paints and road marking are some of the most technologically advanced pieces of safety and traffic signs that should be there to have safe streets [1-5]. The most important problem regarding with today’s traffic marking pai...

In recent years, the dirt pick up problem and loss quality of brightness of traffic marking paints have widely attracted municipal authorities’ attention. Reflective traffic paints and road marking are some of the most technologically advanced pieces of safety and traffic signs that should be there to have safe streets [1-5]. The most important problem regarding with today’s traffic marking pai...

In recent years, much attention has been given to the human health eeects of atmospheric pollutants, especially particulate matter. This has been the focus of particularly heated debate in the USA, as new regulations introduced in 1997 by the United States Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) have considerably tightened the existing standard. Similar regulations are also being considered by ...

I used generalized additive models to analyze the time-series of daily total nonaccidental and cause-specific (cardiovascular, cerebrovascular, and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease) deaths over the period 1987-1995 in three major U.S. metropolitan areas: Cook County, Los Angeles County, and Maricopa County. In all three counties I had monitoring information on particulate matter [less than...

BACKGROUND The aerodynamic diameter of biological particles determines their ability to penetrate the human respiratory system. OBJECTIVE To assess the content of allergens less than 10 pm in diameter in the particle fraction of airborne dust in order to improve control of exposure to harmful soybean aeroallergens. METHODS In this study, 98 pairs of particulate matter measuring less than 10...

BACKGROUND Chronic exposure to particulate air pollution may accelerate cognitive decline in older adults, although data on this association are limited. Our objective was to examine long-term exposure to particulate matter (PM) air pollution, both coarse ([PM 2.5-10 μm in diameter [PM(2.5-10)]) and fine (PM <2.5 μm in diameter [PM(2.5)]), in relation to cognitive decline. METHODS The study p...

Since the last revision of the national particulate standards, there has been a profusion of epidemiologic research showing associations between particulates and health effects--mortality in particular. Supported by this research, the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency promulgated a national standard for particulate matter [less than/equal to] 2.5 microm in aerodynamic diameter (PM(2.5)). Nev...

Abstract In this work we consider a multivariate non-homogeneous Markov chain of order $$K \ge 0$$ K ≥ 0 to study the occurrences exceedances environmental thresholds. model, $$d 1$$ d 1 pollutants may be observed and, ...