Information overload is one of the biggest problems currently omnipresent in the word largest network, the Internet. No general solution exists therefore it is important to handle this problem at least in certain areas. Large collections of articles are available to the users of the Internet. Since technology is very easy to handle for information providers, literally every person who has acces...

Given a specication that includes a number of user requirements , we wish to focus on the requirements in turn, and derive a partly dened program for each; then combine all the partly dened programs into a single program that satises all the requirements simultaneously. In this paper we introduces a mathematical basis for solving this problem ; and we illustrate it by means of a simple example.

Integration by parts is used to reduce scalar Feynman integrals to master integrals.

■ 2. Section 180. 628 is amended as follows: ■ i. Add alphabetically tolerances for beet, sugar, molasses; berry large shrub/ tree, subgroup 13–07C; berry, low growing, subgroup at 13–07G; onion, bulb, subgroup 3–07A; tea, dried; Ti, leaves; Ti, root; vegetable, leaves of root and tuber, group 2; vegetable, root and tuber, group 1; to the table in paragraph (a); ■ ii. Revise the tolerances for ...

In this article, first we generalize the concept of complete parts in hyperrings by introducing the concept R-parts in hyperrings and then we study R-closures in hyperrings. Finally we characterize R-closures in hyperfields.