νx + 208 Pb ⇒ Pb + ν ′ x (NC) ⇓ Pb+ xγ + yn The number of neutrons emitted (0, 1, or 2) depends on the neutrino energy and whether the interaction is via the charged current (CC) or neutral current (NC). The nuclear physics of this system is described in Ref. [4]. A lead-based neutrino detector must have an appreciable density of Pb atoms and the capability of detecting the electrons, gammas an...

A label-free oligonucleotide-based luminescent switch-on assay has been developed for the selective detection of sub-nanomolar Pb(2+) ions in aqueous solution and real water samples. An iridium(III) complex was employed as a G-quadruplex specific luminescent probe and a guanine rich DNA (PS2.M, 5'-GTG(3)TAG(3)CG(3)T(2)G(2)-3') was employed as recognition unit for Pb(2+) ions. The PS2.M exists i...

Despite reports to the contrary, doubly charged lead monohydrate is a stable species against both proton and charge transfers. [Pb(H(2)O)](2+) has been observed as a minor product in the ligand-exchange reaction of [Pb(CH(3)CN)](2+) with H(2)O after collisional activation. Density functional theory has been used to examine reaction profiles of [Pb(H(2)O)(n)](2+) where n = 1, 2, and 3.

Phenobarbital (PB) treatment impairs the biliary excretion of some organic anions. One mechanism may involve direct competition for biliary excretion by PB and/or a PB metabolite. Alternatively, PB may alter the expression and/or function of hepatic organic anion transport proteins. The role of multidrug resistance-associated protein 2 (Mrp2) in the biliary excretion of PB and metabolites was s...

Lead (Pb) is a well-known neurotoxicant and a risk factor for neurologic disorders. The blood brain barrier (BBB) plays an important role in the maintenance of optimal brain function. BBB is a target of Pb, and studies have shown that Pb induced barrier loss and decreased the expression of tight junction proteins, but the detailed mechanisms are not fully understood. Matrix metalloproteinases (...

mRNA is sequestered and turned over in cytoplasmic processing bodies (PBs), which are induced by various cellular stresses. Unexpectedly, in Saccharomyces cerevisiae, mutants of the small GTPase Arf1 and various secretory pathway mutants induced a significant increase in PB number, compared with PB induction by starvation or oxidative stress. Exposure of wild-type cells to osmotic stress or hig...

The reaction of lead(II) acetate and 3-methyl-benzoic acid (MBA) in aqueous solution yielded the title polymer, [Pb(C(8)H(7)O(2))(2)(H(2)O)](n). The asymmetric unit contains two Pb(II) atoms, four MBA ligands and two water mol-ecules. Each Pb(II) cation is hepta-coordinated and chelated by four carboxyl-ate O atoms from two MBA ligands. The Pb atoms are bridged through the carboxyl-ate O atoms ...

In the title coordination polymer, [Pb(C(7)H(5)O(2))(NO(3))(C(10)H(8)N(2))](n), the Pb(II) ion is eight-coordinated by two N atoms from one 2,2'-bipyridine ligand, two O atoms from one benzoate anion and four O atoms from three nitrate groups (one chelating, two bridging) in a distorted dodecahedral geometry. Adjacent Pb(II) ions are linked by bridging nitrate O atoms through the central Pb(2)O...

A new 3D lead borate Pb(6)B(6)O(14)(OH)(2)(H(2)O), built by different cluster building units of B(6)O(14)(OH) {B(6)} and Pb(6)O(5)(OH) {Pb(6)}, has been obtained under mild hydrothermal conditions. Each {B(6)} cluster is linked with seven {Pb(6)} clusters and vice versa that give rise to the first 7-connected lead borate network.

Pb+ intoxication causes anemia that is partially due to a decreased life span of circulating erythrocytes. As shown recently, a Ca(2+)-sensitive erythrocyte scramblase is activated by osmotic shock, oxidative stress, and/or energy depletion, leading to exposure of phosphatidylserine at the erythrocyte surface. Because macrophages are equipped with phosphatidylserine receptors, they bind, engulf...