propionic acid (pa) is a short chain fatty acid, a common food preservative and metabolic end product of enteric bacteria in the gut. the present study was undertaken to investigate the effect of pa on liver injury in male rats. male western albino rats were divided into two groups. the first group served as normal control, the second was treated with pa. the activities of serum hepatospecific ...

The natural pectins are believed to consist of long, open, unbranched chains of galacturonic acid with an occasional arabinose and galactose molecule. The free carboxyl groups of the galacturonic acid are partially or wholly esterified with methyl alcohol, and an occasional hydroxyl group is esterified with acetic acid [BONNER (4), BRANFOOT (5), FREUDENBERG (7), GADDUM (8), KERTESZ (13), MYERS ...

rhe cuiticle of plants is a heterogenous memnbranie in which wax, pectin and cellulose in varying l)ro)ortions are contained in a cutin franmework. In the isolation of cuticular membranes from leaves or fruits the wax is nornially removed by extraction xvith ani organic solvent before detachment of the memnbranes from the underlying epidermal cells. Detachnmenit is achieve(d by the use of eithe...

Pectins are a group of plant polysaccharides whose principal component is 1,4-linked a-d-galactosyluronic acid (O’Neill et al., 1990). Pectins are present in the primary cell walls of all seed-bearing plants and in the junction between cells called the middle lamella. The primary wall surrounds growing plant cells, meristematic cells and cells in succulent tissue such as fruit. The secondary wa...

Yeast polygalacturonase (YPG) catalyzes the hydrolysis of pectic acid to a mixture of digalacturonic and galacturonic acids (1). The reaction course consists of (a) an initial rapid attack on the linear chain by a random mechanism until about 25 per cent hydrolysis has occurred, (b) a slower phase during which an additional 25 per cent of the available bonds are broken, and (c) an extremely slo...

A comprehensive review of work pertinent to changes in the separation zone prior to abscission is presented. Since these changes are largely pectic in nature the involvement of pectic enzymes is suggested. The results obtained for the role of pectin methylesterase ( PME) in abscission arc as follows: ( 1 ) A localization of PME activity in the abscission zone of tobacco pedicels was established...

Rotavirus can lead to decreasing gut barrier function and diarrhea of children and young animals. Apple pectic oligosaccharide treatment reduced diarrhea in rotavirus-infected piglets. This study was conducted to explore whether apple pectic oligosaccharide administration could protect gut barrier function of piglets against rotavirus infection. A total of 28 crossbred weaned barrows were allot...

BACKGROUND Collagen-based three-dimensional (3D) in vitro systems have been introduced to study the physiological states of cells. As a biomolecule, collagen is usually extracted from terrestrial animals whilst aquatic animals like squid contain large amounts of collagen. METHODS In order to make effective use of marine organisms, we selected Persian Gulf squid in 2015 to extract the required...

In order to reduceof the amount of lead and arsenic in contaminated soil, CA(citric acid), PA(polyepoxysuccinic MA(malic acid) EDTA were used remove as chemical extractor. The experiments showed that extraction ability was EDTA>CA>MA>PA, MA>CA>PA=EDTA. eluents concentration, reaction period liquid/solid ratio key factor effect. It evident optimal condition 0.1 mol/L eluent 2h per...