In a stroke lesion, there is a core of necrotic cell death surrounded by a zone of tissue at risk, termed the penumbra. In the penumbra, there is usually less severe tissue damage. Programmed cell death (PCD) pathways have been documented to be present in the penumbra. While many studies have used the term apoptosis as equivalent to PCD, the absence of complete biochemical and morphological cha...

In this paper, we present an image based method for computing contact hardening soft shadows by utilizing an erosion operator. Our method is based on shadow mapping and operates in screen space. By using object silhouettes in hard shadows, we estimate the penumbra size and scale an erosion operator to generate the penumbra areas. Furthermore, we present two solutions to generate the shadow fact...

Corporate law has done a very poor job on executive pay: executives have been rewarded for stellar "performance" that turned out to be anything but stellar, and shareholders have had no meaningful recourse. Indeed, there are many other such cases where there is no breach of the fiduciary duties of care and loyalty, but the board's behavior nevertheless smacks of a classic agency problem known a...

A robust whole brain magnetic resonance (MR) bolus tracking technique based on indicator dilution theory, which could quantitatively calculate cerebral blood flow (CBF), cerebral blood volume (CBV), and mean transit time (MTT) on a regional basis, was developed and tested. T2*-weighted gradient-echo echoplanar imaging (EPI) volumes were acquired on 40 hyperacute stroke patients after gadolinium...

This report presents the "penumbra sign" of a Brodie's abscess in a 69-year-old male patient. The lesion was located in the proximal metaphysis of the left tibia. Histopathology confirmed the diagnosis of subacute osteomyelitis. The penumbra sign on magnetic resonance (MR) images is a helpful sign for the diagnosis of Brodie's abscess.

Hemodynamic Changes in Subacute and Acute Poststroke Stages It is important to consider issues related to hemodynamic changes in the hours and days after stroke or brain injury. Acute stroke is an evolving event in which there may be opportunities to intervene over several days following the insult. Dysfunctional regions within the ischemic penumbra may include viable tissue, but how long it wi...

The development of clinical stroke therapies remains elusive. The neuroprotective efficacies of thousands of molecules and compounds have not yet been determined; however, screening large volumes of potential targets in vivo is severely rate limiting. High throughput screens (HTS) may be used to discover promising candidates, but this approach has been hindered by the lack of a simple in vitro ...

BACKGROUND Recently, the concept of 'clinically relevant penumbra' was defined as an area saved by arterial recanalization and correlated with stroke outcome. This clinically relevant penumbra was located in the subcortical structures, especially the periventricular white matter. Our aims were to confirm this hypothesis, to investigate the impact of admission hyperglycemia and of insulin treatm...

fMRI ASSESSMENT OF ISCHEMIC STROKE IN HUMANS By Rui Yuan Cerebral ischemia, or brain ischemia is a kind of stroke where the blood flow is insufficient to the metabolic demand of brain. The lack of oxygen supply will directly lead to the death of brain tissue. There are two major injury regions: the infarct and penumbra. Mostly, since the infarct regions became dead tissues rapidly after stroke,...