Epimedium L. (Berberidaceae, Ranales), a perennial traditional Chinese medicinal herb, has become a new popular landscape plant for ground cover and pot culture in many countries based on its excellent ornamental characteristics and, distinctive and diverse floral morphology. However, little is known about the molecular genetics of flower development in Epimedium sagittatum. Here, we describe t...

Expression divergence is thought to be a hallmark of functional diversification between homologs post duplication. Modification in regulatory elements has been invoked to explain expression divergence after duplication for several MADS-box genes, however, verification of reciprocal loss of cis-regulatory elements is lacking in plants. Here, we report that the evolution of MPF2-like genes has en...

Endoreduplication is a specialized cell cycle in which DNA replication occurs, but mitosis is skipped creating enlarged polyploid cells. Endoreduplication is associated with the differentiation of many specialized cell types. In the Arabidopsis thaliana sepal epidermis endoreduplicated giant cells form interspersed between smaller cells. Both the transcription factor Arabidopsis thaliana MERIST...

Dehydration is a major factor resulting in huge loss from cut flowers during transportation. In the present study, dehydration inhibited petal cell expansion and resulted in irregular flowers in cut roses, mimicking ethylene-treated flowers. Among the five floral organs, dehydration substantially elevated ethylene production in the sepals, whilst rehydration caused rapid and elevated ethylene l...

Contents of inorganic elements are very important traits in plants. Some of elements have causal effects on plant growth. Their effects on plant metabolism and therefore quality and quantity of essential oils is crucial. Thus, to obtain relatively good results, different parts of Rosa damascena Mill. genotypes were analyzed. Plants were collected from different provinces including Tehran, East ...

Contents of inorganic elements are very important traits in plants. Some of elements have causal effects on plant growth. Their effects on plant metabolism and therefore quality and quantity of essential oils is crucial. Thus, to obtain relatively good results, different parts of Rosa damascena Mill. genotypes were analyzed. Plants were collected from different provinces including Tehran, East ...

introduction roselle (hibiscus sabdariffa l.) as a medicinal plant belongs to the malvacea family. their active ingredient increases under water stress. humic acid bacteria derived from humus and other natural resources have hormonal effects and can improve nutrient absorption to enhance performance especially under stress conditions . materials and methods this experiment was conducted in the ...