Prediction plays a key role in control of attention but it is not clear which aspects of prediction are most prominent in conscious experience. An evolving view on the brain is that it can be seen as a prediction machine that optimizes its ability to predict states of the world and the self through the top-down propagation of predictions and the bottom-up presentation of prediction errors. Ther...

Perhaps her most important charge is that edge classification, a key part of my earlier intrinsic image theory (Gilchrist, 1979), was abandoned by anchoring theory but more recently, surreptitiously re-introduced. In fact, edge classification was never abandoned. It morphed into the idea of framework segregation. The source of the confusion lies in the following sentence: ‘‘...the belongingness...

We consider several perceptual issues in the context of machine recognition of music patterns. It is argued that a successful implementation of a music recognition system must incorporate perceptual information and error criteria. We discuss several measures of rhythm complexity which are used for determining relative weights of pitch and rhythm errors. Then, a new method for determining a loca...

In this paper, an improved preprocessor for low-bit-rate speech coding employing the perceptual weighting filter is proposed. Speech modification in the proposed approach is performed according to a criterion which makes a compromise between the modification and perceptual weighted quantization errors. For this, the perceptual weighting filter is expressed in terms of a transform domain matrix....

Children's early word production is influenced by the statistical frequency of speech sounds and combinations. Three experiments asked whether this production effect can be explained by a perceptual learning mechanism that is sensitive to word-token frequency and/or variability. Four-year-olds were exposed to nonwords that were either frequent (presented 10 times) or infrequent (presented once)...

Children’s early word production is influenced by the statistical frequency of speech sounds and combinations. Three experiments asked whether this production effect can be explained by a perceptual learning mechanism that is sensitive to word-token frequency and/or variability. Four-year-olds were exposed to nonwords that were either frequent (presented 10 times) or infrequent (presented once)...

Managerial decision-making and rationality are impacted and influenced by perceptual processes. This essay seeks to critically analyse and discuss perceptual processes as pivotal in any decision-making endeavour. Its importance is briefly discussed with particular emphasis placed on ways in which certain differences or biases in perception may have on individuals’ understanding of reality as we...

In this paper we introduce Functional Difference Predictors (FDPs), a new kind of perceptual image difference metric that captures how visible image errors affect a user’s ability to perform visual tasks in computer graphics applications. To develop the FDP concept, we conduct a psychophysical experiment that focuses on two visual tasks: spatial layout and material estimation. In the experiment...

A number of studies have shown that a pair of perceptual eeective formants can be deened to capture most of the phonetic information present in vowels. Various methods of computing the eeective formant values were proposed. However, many of them depend on the accuracy of conventional formant estimation. In this work, we study methods of automatically estimating perceptual eeective formants with...