In our previous studies, we have demonstrated that common cormorants (Phalacrocorax carbo) inhabiting Lake Biwa, Japan are contaminated with various chemicals, such as dioxins and related compounds (DRCs), organochlorines, organotins, brominated flame retardants, and perfluorinated compounds (PFCs). Since wild cormorants are exposed to these compounds simultaneously, mixture toxicities of them ...

Rapid declines in legacy poly- and perfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) have been reported in human populations globally following changes in production since 2000. However, changes in exposure sources are not well understood. Here, we report serum concentrations of 19 PFASs (∑19PFAS) measured in children between 1993 and 2012 from a North Atlantic fishing community (Faroe Islands). Median ∑19PFAS...

Perfluoroalkane acids are present in biologic samples from >90% of people in the developed world. Because people may be exposed to multiple perfluoroalkane acids, it is reasonable to consider whether the exposure levels of these agents can be combined for risk assessment purposes. To investigate this possibility, we considered whether the literature on perfluoroalkane acids could be used to jus...

OBJECTIVE 40,000 residents in Arnsberg, Germany, had been exposed to drinking water contaminated with perfluorinated compounds (PFCs). Internal exposure of the residents of Arnsberg to six PFCs was assessed in comparison with reference areas. DESIGN AND PARTICIPANTS One hundred seventy children (5-6 years of age), 317 mothers (23-49 years), and 204 men (18-69 years) took part in the cross-sec...

BACKGROUND Several ubiquitous polyhalogenated compounds (PHCs) have been shown to alter thyroid function in animal and in vitro studies. So far, epidemiologic studies have focused on the potential effect of a small number of them, namely, polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and some organochlorines (OCs), without paying attention to other important PHCs. OBJECTIVES We investigated the relationsh...

Organic fluorochemicals are used in multiple commercial applications including surfactants, lubricants, paints, polishes, food packaging, and fire-retarding foams. Recent scientific findings suggest that several perfluorochemicals (PFCs), a group of organic fluorochemicals, are ubiquitous contaminants in humans and animals world wide. Furthermore, concern has increased about the toxicity of the...

Perfluorinated compounds (PFCs) have been measured in blood of humans and wildlife and are considered globally distributed contaminants. We examined 12 PFCs in the plasma of 73 loggerhead sea turtles (Caretta caretta) and 6 Kemp's ridley sea turtles (Lepidochelys kempii) captured from inshore waters of Core Sound, North Carolina (NC), and offshore waters of South Carolina, Georgia, and Florida ...

Perfluorinated compounds are ubiquitous in the environment and have been reported to occur in human blood. Accurate risk assessments require accurate measurements of exposures, but identification and quantification of PFCs in biological matrices can be affected by both ion suppression and enhancement in liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry techniques (LC/MS-MS). A study was conducted ...