PURPOSE/OBJECTIVES To explore current breast carcinogenesis theories and the possibility of examining breast epithelial cells to confirm steps in the carcinogenic process and the relationship between intraductal sampling techniques and their role in enhanced risk prediction. DATA SOURCES Published articles, textbooks, and conference proceedings. DATA SYNTHESIS Examining breast epithelial ce...

Introduction. Fibroadenomas (FA) are the most common benign breast neoplasms that diagnosed in 25% of women. Dissatisfaction with size and desire to increase it occurs 40%. For this reason, practice a plastic surgeon, there cases when patient wants remove fibroadenomas breast. In situation, two options for managing patient- simultaneous execution operations delayed one.Aim. To evaluate possibil...

Periareolar closure in augmentation, mastopexy, and breast reduction has evolved dramatically over the past 10 years with changes in technique and technology. Plastic surgeons have tried many techniques from simple purse string closures using permanent sutures to interlocking purse string closures with GORE-TEX (Gore Medical, Newark, DE) or absorbable sutures. Running and interrupted suture tec...

Background: Biomarkers are needed to refine short-term breast cancer risk estimates from epidemiologic models and to measure response to prevention interventions. The purpose of our study was to determine whether the cytologic appearance of epithelial cells obtained from breast random periareolar fine-needle aspirates or molecular marker expression in these cells was associated with later breas...

Intradermal injections of indigo carmine for sentinel node mapping are considered safe and no report of an adverse reaction has been published. The authors described two cases of profound hypotension in women that underwent breast-conserving surgery after an intradermal injection of indigo carmine into the periareolar area for sentinel node mapping.

background: surgical technique using small-diameter  instruments and single-incision laparoscopy are two new options for less invasive laparoscopic cholecystectomy (lc). in this study, we have compared mini-lc (mlc) with single-incision lc (silc). materials and methods: this study is a randomized clinical trial conducted on the patients diagnosed with  symptomatic cholelithiasis who underwent l...

AIMS AND BACKGROUND Sentinel lymph node biopsy has been accepted as a standard procedure for early stage breast cancer. In this retrospective analysis, the results obtained with different methodological approaches using radiocolloid with or without blue dye were examined. METHODS A total of 158 sentinel lymph node biopsies were performed in 152 patients. Group A (85 patients) underwent lympha...

Augmentation mammaplasty is frequently used to fill out the soft tissue envelope of the breast. This is most successful with minimal skin laxity or when there is no need for significant nipple movement. The addition of a periareolar mastopexy can reduce the skin envelope; however, its value is limited to those with no more than mild second-degree ptosis. Although this is a valuable technique, t...