To examine the respective roles of central and peripheral vision in the control of posture, body sway amplitude (BSA) and postural perturbations (given by velocity root mean square or vRMS) were calculated in a group of 19 healthy young adults. The stimulus was a 3D tunnel, either static or moving sinusoidally in the anterior-posterior direction. There were nine visual field conditions: four ce...

objective: in peripheral blood polymorphonuclear and mononuclear cells nitric oxide (no) could be synthesized by an enzyme called inducible no synthase (inos). inos gene (nos2a) is located on chromosome 17 at position 17q11.2-q12. no is released during inflammatory responses. in the present studies the frequency of nos2a gene polymorphisms and their effects on no production were investigated in...

The vestibular system is arguably the most ancient sensory system. Its evolution became an invaluable acquisition enabling vertebrates to move about in their environment. The peripheral vestibular apparatus, the semicircular canals and the otolith organs, evolved early and relatively completely. Thus, their structure and function are similar across the vertebrate phyla. Labyrinthine enterocepto...

Background and aims: Finding the safe location of spinal cord for cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) during surgical procedures is very important due to its various nature for each patient as well as its potential peripheral nervous system hazards. The aim of this study was to find the relationship between the location of conus medullaris (CM) and gender, age and body mass index (BMI) in order to minimi...

BACKGROUND Water ingestion raises blood pressure substantially in patients with perturbed autonomic control and more modestly in older subjects. It is unclear whether prophylactic water drinking improves orthostatic tolerance in normal healthy adults. METHODS AND RESULTS Twenty-two healthy subjects, 18 to 42 years of age, with no history of syncope underwent head-up tilt-table testing at 60 d...

BACKGROUND/AIMS The baroreflex pathway has a vascular and a neural segment, both being modulated by variations in peripheral blood pressure (BP). Besides overall baroreceptor sensitivity (BRS), defined as the spectral relationship between changes in peripheral BP and R-R interval within the frequency band of 0.05-0.15 Hz, vascular and neural segment contributions to the overall BRS can be disti...

The understanding of ergonomics is a vital competency for all peripheral nerve block operators. essence physical procedures can be summarised into three significant components: brain, musculoskeletal and needling. first component includes strategies to optimise visuospatial neuroprocessing using equipment configuration. second reflects the careful planning posture position improve procedural te...