Estimation of genetic trends is necessary to monitor and evaluate selection programs. The objective of this study was to estimate the genetic trends for milk yield in Iranian Holsteins cows using random regression test day model. Data set was consisted of 743205 test-day records from 1991 to 2008, which were collected by the Animal Breeding Centre of Iran. Breeding, environmental and phenotypic...

The prevalence of developmental defects of enamel (DDE) in the permanent dentition in developed countries has been reported to be in the range of 9–68 % and with no gender predilection. Several etiological factors have been implicated as being responsible for DDE in the permanent teeth. Although local, systemic, genetic or environmental factors have been attributed to DDE frequently they are li...

Dental anomalies are the formative defects caused by genetic disturbances or environmental factors during tooth morphogenesis. Simultaneous occurrence of various multiple anomalies has been reported previously, particularly in cases of chromosomal abnormalities that often manifest with multisystem involvement. Very few cases of multiple anomalies have been documented in patients with no known g...

Wind energy, a kind of non-conventional energy source and environmental fresh energy, is widely studied nowadays. Directly driven wind turbine permanent magnet synchronous generator (D-PMSG) plays a vital role in the latest small-scale wind Power technology. This paper presents the modeling and simulation of a 12kW direct driven Permanent Magnet Synchronous Generator of Wind Power. This model c...

Congenital absence of permanent second molar is an extremely rare condition, which may appear as part of a syndrome or as a non-syndromic form. Non-syndromic second molar agenesis combined with other types of teeth agenesis has occasionally been described in the literature but isolated cases are rarely observed. It might be caused by a number of complex interactions between genetic, epigenetic ...

Gemination is an anomaly caused by a single tooth germ that attempted to divide during its development resulting in a bifid crown. They are found more frequently in the primary than in the permanent dentition unilaterally, but bilateral gemination is very rare. It is caused by complex interactions among a variety of genetic and environmental factors. This developmental anomaly may cause clinica...

in this study records of 15723, 12108 and 5236 zel sheep for birth weight (bw), weaning weight (ww) and 6-month weight (6mw) traits were used. data has been collected by the jahad-e-keshavarzi organization of province of mazandaran during 1994-2009. the heritability of direct and maternal of growth traits was estimated using the univariate analysis with restricted maximum likelihood (reml). in ...

Gemination is an anomaly caused by a single tooth germ that attempted to divide during its development, resulting in a bifid crown. They are found more frequently in the primary than in the permanent dentition unilaterally, but bilateral gemination is very rare. It is caused by complex interactions among a variety of genetic and environmental factors. This developmental anomaly may cause clinic...

There is a new phenomenon in the global arena: environmental refugees. These are people who can no longer gain a secure livelihood in their homelands because of drought, soil erosion, desertification, deforestation and other environmental problems, together with the associated problems of population pressures and profound poverty. In their desperation, these people feel they have no alternative...