with regard to human cloning or artificial human reproduction – and contrary to the opinions of sunni scholars - shiite thinkers have not held a unified position. after having surveyed a number of shiite fatwas and analyses on the subject, this essay will classify them into four groups. the first group states that we are granted absolute permission to engage in human cloning; while the second g...

Since a growing number of malicious applications attempt to steal users’ private data by illegally invoking permissions, application stores have carried out many malware detection methods based on permissions. However, most them ignore specific permission combinations and categories that affect the accuracy. The features they extracted are neither representative enough distinguish benign applic...