We examined how molecular structure of 24 anthranilate and benzoic acid derivatives correlated with drinking behavior in European starlings Sturnus vulgaris. The effectiveness of bird repellents was associated with basicity, the presence of an electron-donating group in resonance with an electron-withdrawing carboxylic group on a phenyl ring, and a heterocyclic ring in the same pi cloud plane a...

BACKGROUND For the first time, differential attraction of pathogen vectors to vertebrate animals is investigated for novel repellents which when applied to preferred host animals turn them into non-hosts thereby providing a new paradigm for innovative vector control. For effectively controlling tsetse flies (Glossina spp.), vectors of African trypanosomosis, causing nagana, repellents more powe...

BACKGROUND Insect repellents are prophylactic tools against a number of vector-borne diseases. There is growing demand for repellents outperforming DEET in cost and safety, but with the current technologies R&D of a new product takes almost 10 years, with a prohibitive cost of $30 million dollar in part due to the demand for large-scale synthesis of thousands of test compounds of which only 1 m...

Dengue outbreaks occur annually in Far North Queensland, Australia. Advice on topical insect repellents provided by health authorities rarely addresses the wide range of formulations and active ingredients currently registered for use in Australia. Recommendations on the use of registered products require review.

The mosquito is one of humanity's most lethal enemies. One the effective interventions for lowering illness rates protecting people from bites.. To ensure continuation many plant species, linalool also plays a crucial part in intricate biology pollination. In addition to being precursor creation vitamins A and E, lead ingredient commercial manufacturing wide range aroma compounds. These include...

Introduction: This study examined the relationship between specific psychosocial variables and the use of insect repellents on skin or clothing as a preventive behavior for Chikungunya fever among US travelers to Caribbean destinations. Methods: A cross-sectional retrospective online survey method was adopted. US residents who travelled to one of 34 Carib...

Maize weevil is a major pest of stored maize grains in many regions the world including Nigeria. A laboratory investigation was conducted to assess potency Ocimum gratissimum leaves for Sitophilus zeamais control. O. powder used ethanolic extract preparation by soaking 300g dry powdered plant material 1.5 litres ethanol 24 hours at room temperature with continuous stirring 10 minutes. The teste...