OBJECTIVES Most US studies of national trends in medical and nonmedical use of prescription opioids have focused on adults. Given the limited understanding in these trends among adolescents, we examine national trends in the medical and nonmedical use of prescription opioids among high school seniors between 1976 and 2015. METHODS The data used for the study come from the Monitoring the Futur...

introduction failed back surgery syndrome (fbss) is an increasing cause of chronic pain in most countries. this poses high costs to both patients and national health organizations. case presentation in this report, multimodal pain management based on daily high-dose oxycodone/naloxone (oxn 180/90 mg) led to reduced patient's pain score and improved quality of life. conclusions oxycodone/naloxon...

During the past decade, the purity of heroin sold in the Northeastern U.S. declined, while at the same time the availability of prescription opioids increased considerably. In 2006, illicitly produced fentanyl, an extremely potent synthetic opioid, was added to heroin sold in a handful of mostly Northeastern U.S. cities, resulting in over one thousand deaths. We argue that the introduction of f...

A variety of analgesic options are currently available for the treatment of acute and chronic post-traumatic pain (PTP). These include nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), opioids, and adjuvant analgesics (i.e., antidepressants, anticonvulsants, N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor antagonists), as well as muscle relaxants and local anesthetics. Unfavorable safety profiles have limited the u...

We sought to determine the rate of cardiorespiratory complications following neuraxial opioid administration in the setting of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). This systematic review of the leading biomedical databases originated from a university-affiliated, tertiary-care teaching hospital. A systematic search of Medline, Embase, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, Cochrane Database ...

Designing interventions to reduce HIV transmission among injecting drug users (IDU) requires reliable estimates of risk behaviors. We present population-based estimates for unsafe injection practices and sexual risk behaviors among male IDUs recruited through respondent driven sampling in India (Delhi: 783; Imphal: 766). IDUs in Delhi, mostly street-based (68%), reported injecting pharmaceutica...