SETTING Tuberculosis Research Centre, Chennai, India. OBJECTIVE To rapidly identify multidrug-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis using phenotypic and genotypic methods. DESIGN Two genotypic assays, DNA sequencing and polymerase chain reaction single strand conformation polymorphism (PCR-SSCP), and one phenotypic assay, phage amplified biological assay (PhaB) were standardised in-house and...

Targets for drugs have so far been predicted on the basis of molecular or cellular features, for example, by exploiting similarity in chemical structure or in activity across cell lines. We used phenotypic side-effect similarities to infer whether two drugs share a target. Applied to 746 marketed drugs, a network of 1018 side effect-driven drug-drug relations became apparent, 261 of which are f...

It is important to measure human immunodeficiency virus-1 (HIV-1) drug resistance because loss of HIV-1 drug susceptibility is associated with treatment failure. One of the major issues in drug resistance testing is the identification of genotypic algorithms and phenotypic breakpoints for individual drugs that are based on response to highly active antiretroviral therapy. Prospective studies of...

Understanding how genetic variation contributes to phenotypic differences is a fundamental question in biology. Combining high-throughput gene function assays with mechanistic models of the impact of genetic variants is a promising alternative to genome-wide association studies. Here we have assembled a large panel of 696 Escherichia coli strains, which we have genotyped and measured their phen...

Resistance testing has emerged as an important tool for antiretroviral management. Research continues to refine phenotypic susceptibility cut-offs and genotypic interpretation schemes that relate resistance mutations with antiretroviral drug effectiveness. Highly sensitive phenotypic assays have allowed for the recognition of drug hypersusceptibility in HIV, and other studies have related hyper...

Researchers have developed multiple methods to characterize clinical and environmental strains of Vibrio vulnificus. The aim our study was use four assays detect virulence factors in from infected patients those surface waters/sediments/oysters South Carolina the Gulf Mexico. vulnificus (n = 81) 171) sources were tested using three real-time PCR designed polymorphisms 16S rRNA, vcg pilF genes a...

Bacterial strains resistant to various antibiotic drugs are frequently encountered in clinical infections, and the rapid identification of drug-resistant strains is highly essential for clinical treatment. We developed a locked nucleic acid (LNA)-based quantitative real-time PCR (LNA-qPCR) method for the rapid detection of 13 antibiotic resistance genes and successfully used it to distinguish d...