Phenylephrine is an a-adrenergic receptor agonist used in topical preparations such as eye drops, ear drops, and skin creams. We present the case of a 60-year-old man who had suffered acute myocardial infarction and a cerebrovascular accident in 1980. In April 2009 he attended the Ophthalmology Emergency Department of our hospital with a bilateral mucopurulent conjunctival secretion that had de...

the effect of chronic inflammation induced by complete freund's adjuvant (cfa) on anterior blood vessels of knee joint and its diameter was studied. blood flow changes in response to phenylephrine (αl-adrenoceptor agonist) in cfa-treated and contralateral knee joints were observed over a 40-day period, using laser doppler flowmetery (ldf) technique. unilateral injection of cfa (0.2 ml) inc...

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Phenylephrine HCl 10 mg has been used as a nasal decongestant for over 50 years, yet only limited pharmacokinetic and metabolic data are available. The purpose of this study was to evaluate single-dose pharmacokinetics and safety of phenylephrine HCl 10, 20, and 30 mg and to assess cardiovascular tolerability compared with baseline and placebo in healthy volunteers. ...

Background: Spinal anesthesia is often used for caesarean sections and there can be considerable hemodynamic changes following its use. Objective: To compare the commonly used vasopressors ephedrine and phenylephrine as well as the secondary effects of the co-administration of ephedrine and phenylephrine along with oxytocin on maternal hemodynamics. Design/Methods: This was a double-blind rando...

reports have shown the antioxidant, hypotensive, hypolipidemic and vasodilatory effects of grape (vitis vinifera l.) seed extract. we have recently shown the relaxatory effect of grape leaf extract on rat uterus and reduction of frog heart rate and contractility. the aim of the present study was to investigate the relaxant effect of vitis vinifera leaf hydroalcoholic extract (vlhe) on rat thora...

Somatostatin (SS) and noradrenaline (NA) are distributed in the rat cerebral cortex, and seizure activity is one of the aspects of behavior affected by both neurotransmitters. Due to the possible interaction between both neurotransmitter systems, we studied whether phenylphrine, an alpha 1-adrenoceptor agonist, and prazosin, an alpha 1-adrenoceptor antagonist, can modulate SS-like immunoreactiv...

PURPOSE Fentanyl was reported to inhibit the alpha(1)-adrenoceptor agonist-induced contraction. The goal of this in vitro study was to identify the alpha(1)-adrenoceptor subtype primarily involved in the fentanyl-induced attenuation of phenylephrine-induced contraction in isolated endothelium-denuded rat aorta. MATERIALS AND METHODS Aortic rings were suspended in order to record isometric ten...

BACKGROUND Alveolar hypoxia induces monophasic pulmonary vasoconstriction in vivo, biphasic vasoconstriction in the isolated pulmonary artery, and controversial responses in the isolated perfused lung. Pulmonary vascular responses to sustained alveolar hypoxia have not been addressed in the isolated perfused rat lung. In this study, we investigated the effect of sustained hypoxic ventilation on...

The goal of this in vitro study was to examine the effect of the alpha-2 adrenoceptor agonist dexmedetomidine on phenylephrine (alpha-1 adrenoceptor agonist)-induced contraction in isolated rat aortae and to elucidate the associated cellular mechanisms, with a particular focus on alpha-1 adrenoceptor antagonism. Dexmedetomidine dose-response curves were generated in isolated endothelium-intact ...

Although MAP (mitogen-activated protein) kinases are implicated in cell proliferation and differentiation in many cell types, the role of MAP kinases in cardiac hypertrophy remains unclear. We examined the role of extracellular signal-regulated protein kinase (ERK), c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) and p38 MAP kinase in angiotensin II (Ang II)-induced hypertrophy compared with phenylephrine-induce...